Home > Flashcards > Religious Studies > World Religions RS 142

Details Title: World Religions RS 142 Description: Islam Total Flash Cards: 40 Created: 04/29/2006 15:18:08	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Qur'an Definition The sacred scripture of the Muslims, regarded as the word of God dictated to Muhammad by God throug hthe archangel Gabriel. The Prophet received and recited the messages over a period of 20 years. Term Ka'bah Definition The cube-shaped building of stone in the open court of the Grand Mosque of Mecca. In Islamic tradition, the first Ka'bah was built by Abraham and Ishmael. Term hanif Definition In Arabia, prior to Muhammad's recitations, a person who worshiped one God. Waraq Ibn Nawfal, a kinsman of Khadijah, was a hanif. Term jinn Definition In Arabia, a race of beings created from fire, distinguished from humans who were created from clay. Some jinn are good; others are bad. Term Hijrah Definition Muhammad's migration fromm Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) in 622. He and Abu Bakr made the journey in less than the normal eleven days. Term ansar Definition Helpers; Medinans who helped Muhammad relocate from Mecca to Medina. They were joined by Muhammad and his companioins after the Hijrah. Term muhajirun Definition The emigrants from Mecca who joined Muhammad in Medina. These early converts to Islam lost their property and income when they followed Muhammad. Term Shahada Definition "witnessing." The Muslim profession of faith. There is but one God and Muhammad is his messenger (rasul). Term Rasul Definition "messenger." One who recites for God. Muhammad was the rasul of God. Term Salat Definition Obligatory prayer five times daily. Term Zakat Definition In Islam, the payment of a due to support the community. It is an act of purification through giving. Term Sawm Definition Fast during daylight hours of Ramadan. Term Hajj Definition The pilgramage to Mecca, expected of all Muslims. Term The Five Pillars of Islam Definition In Islam, the five requirements made of all Muslims. Term Tawhid Definition The Muslim doctrine of the unity of God. Islam denies any partners to God such as Christians are believed to have in their Trinity. Term Rak'a Definition Each complete cycle of ritual movements that is part of Muslim prayer. During prayer Muslims stand, bow, kneel, and touch their foreheads to the ground. Term Muezzin Definition One who calls Muslims to prayer. Muhammad preferred the human voice to the Christian use of bells. Term Sadaqa Definition Informal charity between Muslims. Term Sunna Definition The custom or tradition of Muhammad. It supplements the Qur'an as a source for the Shari'a. Term Hadiths Definition Reports of what Muhammad said or did; examples for faithful Muslims to follow. The Sunna are the traditions of the prophet in leterary form ofhaditih-reports. Term caliph Definition A successor of the prophet Muhammad. The first caliph was Abu Bakr. The great ideal of Islam is that religion and state are not separated. Term Shi'a Definition Members of the "party" of 'Ali, who believed that he should have been the next leader after 'Uthman. Term Sunni Definition The traditional, majority, Muslims who accepted Mu'awiyah as the next leader after 'Uthman. Term Mahdi Definition In Islam, the expected one. Twelvers believe that an imam is in occultation and will return as a messianic figure. Term ummah Definition The Muslim community. Term dhimmi Definition A client of the Muslims. In exchange for protection, non-Muslims agreed to certain conditions of subservience to Muslims. Jews and Christians were often dhimmis of Muslim rulers. Term Shari'a Definition The duties that God has placed on the Muslim community. It is sometimes translated as "law." Term ijma Definition The consensus of Muslim religions leaders on matters of practice. Term qiyas Definition In Islam, analogies used in applying the Qur'an and the Sunna to other practical situations. Term ra'y Definition In Muslim law, the considered opinion of Muslim leaders acting for public good. Term 'ulama' Definition Muslim clerical scholars. Term Wahhab Definition One of the 99 names of Allah. 'Abd al-Wahhab means "the Servant of the Bestower." Term Timothy Drew Definition In 1913, in New Jersey, he taught that blacks are Asians, or Muslims. He was a contributor to the Black Muslim movement in the US. Term Elijah (Poole) Muhammad Definition Founder of the Black Muslim movement, the Nation of Islam. Dissatisfied with Christianity, which appeared to be a white religion, Poole organized a religion for blacks. Term Nation of Islam Definition The branch of Black Muslims that struggles with Christianity and whites. It is not accepted by orthodox Muslims as Islam, which welcomes all races. Term Malcom X, or Malcom Little Definition Formerly of the Nation of Islam, he formed his own group in 1964 in the tradition of Sunni Islam. A major change in his teaching was that all people are brothers and sisters, whites as well as blacks. Term American Muslim Mission Definition A Muslim group formed for African Americans by Wallace Deen Muhammad. World Islam accepts these adherents as Muslims. Term mihrab Definition The niche in a mosque that signifies the direction of Mecca. Muslims face Mecca when they pray. Term kiswah Definition The robe, or covering, usually placed over the Ka'bah in Mecca. Term ihram Definition The consecrated state in which Muslims perform the Hajj. Muslims abstain from sex, perfume, hunting, and other things during the pilgrimage to Mecca.