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Work and Machines
Vocab words and definitions from chapter 4
31
Science
Not Applicable
12/07/2010

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Term
work
Definition
force exerted on an object that causes it to move
Term
joule
Definition
1 newton/meter; used to measure work
Term
power
Definition
the rate at which work is done
Term
work-equation
Definition
force * distance
Term
power- equation
Definition
work '/, time
Term
machine
Definition
a device that makes work easier
Term
input force
Definition
the amount of force you exert on a machine
Term
output force
Definition
the amount of work the machine exerts on an object
Term
input work
Definition
the input force times the input distance
Term
output work
Definition
the output force times the output distance
Term
mechanical advantage- equation
Definition
the number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it
Term
efficiency
Definition
the percentage of the input work that is converted to output work
Term
efficiency- equation
Definition
output work '/, input work * 100%
Term
6 simple machines
Definition
incline plane, wedge, screw, wheel and axle, pulley, lever
Term
incline plane-equation
Definition
length of incline '/, height of incline
Term
wedge- equation
Definition
the length '/, the width
Term
screw- equation
Definition
the length of the threads '/, the length of the screw
Term
incline plane
Definition
a flat sloped surface
Term
wedge
Definition
a device that is thick on one end and tapers to a point
Term
screw
Definition
an incline plane wrapped around a cylinder
Term
lever- equation
Definition
distance from fulcrum to input force '/, distance from fulcrum to output force
Term
lever
Definition
a rigid bar that is free to pivot, or rotate, on a fixed point
Term
fulcrum
Definition
the fixed point that a lever pivots around
Term
first class lever
Definition
the fulcrum is between the input and output forces
Term
second class lever
Definition
the fulcrum is on the right of the forces with the closest force the output force
Term
third class lever
Definition
the fulcrum is on the left of the forces with the closest the input force
Term
wheel and axle
Definition
two circular objects fastened together that rotate about a common axis
Term
wheel and axle- equation
Definition
radius of wheel '/, radius of axle
Term
pulley
Definition
a wheel with a rope wrapped around it
Term
pulley- equation
Definition
equal to the number of pieces of ropes that are supporting the object
Term
compound machine
Definition
a machine that uses 2 or more simple machines; the mechanical advantage is the simples machines' multiplied together
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