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Word Test for A & P
Word Final Tests A & P
277
Medical
Not Applicable
03/30/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Super-
Definition
above
Term
Pleural membrane
Definition
membrane that encloses the lungs within the rib cage
Term
dorsal
Definition
position towards the back of the body
Term
cardi-
Definition
heart
Term
pariet
Definition
wall
Term
-stasis
Definition
standing still
Term
extracellular fluid
Definition
fluid outside of the body cells
Term
metabolism
Definition
chemical changes that occur within the body
Term
peri-
Definition
around
Term
orb-
Definition
circle
Term
cerebrum
Definition
largest part of the brain
Term
pericardial membrane
Definition
membrane that surrounds the heart
Term
homeo-
Definition
same
Term
pelvic cavity
Definition
basin shaped cavity enclosed by the pelvic bones
Term
homeostasis
Definition
maintenance of a stable internal environment
Term
append-
Definition
to hang something
Term
dors-
Definition
back
Term
-uria
Definition
urine condition
Term
imbalance
Definition
condition in which factors are not in equilibrium
Term
physiology
Definition
study of body functions
Term
meta-
Definition
change
Term
dehydration
Definition
removal of water from the cells
Term
-tomy
Definition
cutting
Term
edem-
Definition
swelling
Term
pericardium
Definition
membrane that surronds the heart
Term
nasal
Definition
pertaining to the nose
Term
de-
Definition
seperation from
Term
homeostasis
Definition
maintenance of a stable internal environment
Term
extra-
Definition
outside
Term
im-
Definition
not
Term
edema
Definition
swelling due to abnormal accumulation of extracellular fluid
Term
pelv-
Definition
basin
Term
intracellular fluid
Definition
fluid in body cells
Term
intra-
Definition
within
Term
cran
Definition
helmet
Term
-logy
Definition
the study of
Term
pleur-
Definition
rib
Term
hypoproteinemia
Definition
abnormally low concentration of blood plasma proteins
Term
orbital
Definition
pertaining to the portion of the skull encicles the eye
Term
cerebr-
Definition
brain
Term
anatomy
Definition
study of structure which often involves cutting or removing body parts
Term
neutr-
Definition
neither one nor the other
Term
crainial
Definition
pertaining to the part of the skull that surrounds the brain
Term
-osis
Definition
state of
Term
nas-
Definition
nose
Term
acidosis
Definition
condition in which hydrogen ion concentration is abnormally high
Term
appendicular
Definition
pertaining to the upper limb
Term
parietal membrane
Definition
membrane that lines the wall of a cavity
Term
-emia
Definition
a blood condition
Term
superior
Definition
referring to a body part located above another
Term
neurtral
Definition
solution that is neither acidic nor basic
Term
ketouria
Definition
ketone bodies in the urine
Term
ischemic cardiomyopathy
Definition
enlarged heart due to poor arterial circulation
Term
-gram
Definition
something written
Term
latent period
Definition
period between a stimulus and the beginning of a muscle contraction
Term
starlings law
Definition
fiber length and force of contraction
Term
blood pressure
Definition
force the blood exerts against the inner wall of the blood vessels
Term
phleb-
Definition
vein
Term
tricuspid valve
Definition
between the atria and the ventricle on the right side of the heart
Term
sarcoplasm
Definition
substance within a muscle fiber
Term
muscular hypertrophy
Definition
enlargement of muscle fibers
Term
diastol-
Definition
dilation
Term
isotonic contraction
Definition
contraction during which the tension in a muscle remains unchanged
Term
myocardium
Definition
muscle tissue within the wall of the heart
Term
ventricles
Definition
force blood into arteries and out of the heart
Term
myogram
Definition
recording of a muscular contraction
Term
papillary muscle
Definition
small mound of muscle projecting into a ventricle of the heart
Term
electrocardiogram
Definition
recording of the electrical changes in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle
Term
intercalated disc
Definition
membranous band that connects cardiac muscle cells
Term
mitral valve
Definition
was frequently affected by Strep & rheumatic fever
Term
syncytium
Definition
mass of merging cells that act together
Term
pericardium
Definition
covering that encloses the heart
Term
tachycardia
Definition
abnormally fast heartbeat
Term
isotonic contraction
Definition
contraction during which the tension of a muscle remains unchanged
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
deposits of plaque in arteries
Term
phlebitis
Definition
inflammation of a vein
Term
cappillaries
Definition
smalled diameter blood vessels
Term
semilunar valve
Definition
valve with crescent shaped flaps
Term
reticulum
Definition
network of membranous channels within a muscle fiber
Term
angiotensin
Definition
substance that constricts blood vessels
Term
stroke volume
Definition
the amount of blood that enters the system with each ventricular contraction
Term
myofibril
Definition
contractile fiber of a muscle cell
Term
cardiac cycle
Definition
one heart beat
Term
systolic pressure
Definition
blood pressure resulting from a single ventricular contraction
Term
epicardium
Definition
protects the heart by reducing friction
Term
arteriosclerosis
Definition
loss of elasticity and hardening of a blood vessels wall
Term
synergist
Definition
muscle that works with a prime mover, producing movement
Term
angio
Definition
vessel
Term
diastolic pressure
Definition
blood pressure when the ventricle of the heart is relaxed
Term
coronary arteries
Definition
feed oxygenated blood to the heart
Term
atria
Definition
receive blood that is returning to the heart
Term
cardiac output
Definition
volume discharged from the ventricle per minute
Term
brady-
Definition
slow
Term
voluntary muscle
Definition
muscle that can be controlled by conscious effort
Term
tetanic contraction
Definition
sustain muscular contraction
Term
molecule
Definition
water,glucose
Term
reproduction
Definition
production of new organisms
Term
change in postion of the body
Definition
movement
Term
atom
Definition
hydrogen, lithium
Term
abduction
Definition
spreading fingers or toes
Term
plantar flexion
Definition
standing on toes
Term
retraction
Definition
pulling the head backward
Term
supination
Definition
turning the hand so the palm is upward
Term
glenoid cavity
Definition
depression in the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus
Term
syndesmosis
Definition
joint in which bones are held together by long fibers of connective tissue 
Term
tissue
Definition
simple squamous epithelium
Term
respiration
Definition
obtaining oxygen and removing Co2
Term
macromolecule
Definition
protein, DNA
Term
adduction
Definition
closing in the fingers or toes
Term
most abdundant substance in the body
Definition
water
Term
eversion
Definition
turning so the plantar surface of the foot faces laterally
Term
hinge joint
Definition
elbow joint
Term
anular ligament
Definition
ring shaped band of connective tissue below the elbow joint that encircles the head of the radius
Term
labrum
Definition
rim of cartilage attached to the glenoid cavity
Term
breakdown of food
Definition
digestion
Term
dislocations most commonly affect joints of the
Definition
shoulder,knees, fingers, and jaw
Term
suture
Definition
type of joint in which flat bones are interlocked
Term
circumduction
Definition
moving the finger in a circular motion without moving the hand
Term
increase inbody size without change in shape
Definition
growth
Term
subatomic particles
Definition
electrons, protons, neutrons
Term
rotation
Definition
moving a part around an axis
Term
extension
Definition
straightening parts at the joint
Term
arthrology
Definition
study of joints and ligaments
Term
fovea capitis
Definition
pit in the head of the femur
Term
bursa
Definition
fluid filled sac between the skin and the patella
Term
organ system
Definition
integumentary, skeletal, digestive
Term
anul-
Definition
ring
Term
ball and socket joint
Definition
shoulder
Term
condylar joint
Definition
between metacarpals and phalanges
Term
removal of waste products
Definition
excretion
Term
pronation
Definition
turning the hand sothe palm is downward
Term
organelle
Definition
mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus
Term
condyle
Definition
rounded bony process at the distal end of the femur
Term
reaction to a change inside/ outside the body
Definition
responsiveness
Term
hyperextenion
Definition
extension of the parts beyond the anatomical position
Term
synovial joints
Definition
most joint of the skeletal system
Term
synovial fluid
Definition
thick fluid in a joint cavity
Term
organism
Definition
human
Term
dorsiflexion
Definition
walking on heels
Term
movement of substances in body fluids
Definition
circulation
Term
flexion
Definition
bending parts at a joint
Term
organ
Definition
skin, femur, heart, kidney
Term
fill in the blank question 
Definition
Integumentary, Skeletal, nervous, endocrine, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, overies, prostate
Term
fill in the blank questions
Definition
abdominal, pelvic, thoracic, media stinum, pericardian membrane, cranali, appendicular, axial, positive feedback mechanism, lymphatic, pathogens.
Term
anatomical position
Definition
standing erect, face forward, palms forward
Term
superior
Definition
above another part
Term
inferior
Definition
ankle to knee
Term
anterior
Definition
LAD corary artery to your RCA
Term
medial
Definition
nose to eyes
Term
bilateral
Definition
kidneys, eyes
Term
ipsilateral
Definition
structures on the same side
Term
contralateral
Definition
spleen and appendix
Term
distal
Definition
talas to femur
Term
superficial
Definition
epidermis to hypodermis
Term
sagittal
Definition
lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions
Term
epigastric region
Definition
sub- xyphiod
Term
RUQ
Definition
liver and gallbladder
Term
antebrachial
Definition
forearm
Term
axillary
Definition
armpit
Term
buccal
Definition
cheek
Term
cephalic
Definition
head
Term
cervical vertebrae
Definition
7
Term
lumbar vertebrae
Definition
5
Term
otic
Definition
ear
Term
orbital
Definition
eye
Term
plantar
Definition
thick skins
Term
cardiology
Definition
dealing with the heart
Term
dermatology
Definition
study of skin
Term
endocrinology
Definition
study of hormones
Term
gastroenterology
Definition
study of stomach and intestines
Term
study of kidneys
Definition
nephrology
Term
otolaryngology
Definition
study of ear, throat, and larynx
Term
podiatry
Definition
study of feet
Term
lipids
Definition
fat
Term
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
Definition
major elements of the human body
Term
alkalosis
Definition
pH 8.0
Term
acidosis
Definition
pH 6.8
Term
apoptosis
Definition
form of cell death
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
fluid between the cell membrane and nuclear envelope
Term
lysosome
Definition
organelle containing enzymes that break down proteins
Term
phogocytosis
Definition
process by which a cell takes in a solid particles
Term
pinocytosis
Definition
process by which a cell takes in liquid
Term
mitochondria
Definition
power house of the cell
Term
cilia
Definition
propels fluid over cellular surface
Term
flagella
Definition
enables sperm cells to move
Term
ribosomes
Definition
synthesize proteins
Term
diffusion
Definition
move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Term
osmosis
Definition
movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Term
filtration
Definition
molecules are forced through  membranes by this process
Term
aerobic respiration
Definition
respiratory process that requires oxygen
Term
anaerobic respiration
Definition
respiratory process that doesn't require oxygen
Term
catabolism
Definition
cellular processess in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones
Term
coenzyme
Definition
substance that unites with a protein to complete the sturucture
Term
mutation
Definition
change in genetic information
Term
substrate
Definition
substance upon which an enzyme acts
Term
enzyme
Definition
protein that spreeds chemical reaction without itself being consumed
Term
energy
Definition
capability to change something or do work
Term
DNA
Definition
contains genetic code for protein synthesis
Term
that alters an enzyme
Definition
inborn error of metabolism
Term
adipose
Definition
tissue that stores fat
Term
obteocyte
Definition
bone cell
Term
epithelial tissue
Definition
tissue that covers all free body surface
Term
hyaline cartilage
Definition
flexible tissue
Term
up to 90% of human cancers originate in
Definition
epithelium, such as skin, linings of airways or stomach ect.
Term
simple squamous epithelium
Definition
is located in sir sacs of lungs, walls of capillaaries, linings of blood and lymph vessels
Term
marfan syndrome
Definition
long limbs, sunken chest, weekend aorta
Term
muscle tissue
Definition
are contractile; they can shorten and thicken
Term
skeletal muscle tissue
Definition
are controlled by conscious efforts and often called voluntary muscle tissue
Term

smooth muscle tissue

Definition
comprises walls of hollow internal organs such as stomach, intestines, etc.
Term
albinism
Definition
characteried by a lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes
Term
subcutaneous
Definition
beneath the skin
Term
dermis
Definition
inner layer of the skin
Term
epidermis
Definition
outer layer of the skin
Term
holocrine gland
Definition
gland that discharges the entire cell containing the secretion
Term
keratin
Definition
protein produced as the epidermal cells die and harden
Term
melanin
Definition
dark pigment produced by certain cells
Term
pore
Definition
opening by which sweet gland communicates with the skin's surface
Term
subaceous gland
Definition
gland that secretes an oily substance
Term
nails
Definition
protective covering ofthe ends of fingers and toes
Term
first degree burn
Definition
damages the epidermis
Term
second degree burn
Definition
destorys some of the epidermis as well as some dermis
Term
formula for estimating body surface area effected by a burn
Definition
rule of nines
Term
epiphysis
Definition
each end of a long bone that articulates with another bone
Term
periosteum
Definition
tough vascular covering of a bone
Term
epiphyseal plate
Definition
spongy bone that is the last to hardened as we grow
Term
by age 23 - 25
Definition
nearly all bones are completely ossified
Term
hematopoiesis
Definition
process of blood cell formation
Term
number of bones in the human body
Definition
206
Term
mandible
Definition
jaw
Term
nasal
Definition
forms the bridge of the nose
Term
infant vertebral column
Definition
contains 33 vertebrae
Term
there are usually 24
Definition
ribs
Term
hyoid
Definition
only bone that doesn't articulates with another bone
Term
largest most superior portion of the hip bone
Definition
ilium
Term
polydactyly
Definition
extra digits
Term
patella
Definition
knee cap
Term
tibia
Definition
shin bone
Term
osgood- schlatter disease effects which bone
Definition
tibia
Term
shaft of bone
Definition
diaphysis
Term
immovable joint
Definition
synarthrotic
Term
slightly movable joint
Definition
amphiarthrotic
Term
freely movable joint
Definition
diarthotic
Term
dislocations
Definition
articulating surfaces become displaced
Term
knee joint
Definition
largest most complex synovial joint
Term
overstretching or tearing of connective tissue
Definition
sprain
Term
inflammation of a bursa from overuse
Definition
bursitis
Term
disease causing inflammed and swollen joints
Definition
arthritis
Term
rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
autoimmune disorder
Term
osteourthritis
Definition
degenerative disorder
Term
myoglobin
Definition
pigement synthesized in muscle cells
Term
those are found in the nucleus and have no specific charge
Definition
neurtons
Term
elements that are part of chemical combinations
Definition
compounds
Term
anything that has weight and takes up space, all solids, liquids and gases
Definition
matter
Term
central portion of an atom
Definition
nucleus
Term
electolytes that dissociate to release hydrogen ions in water are called
Definition
acids
Term
electrolyes called
Definition
salts
Term
genetic building blocks
Definition
DNA
Term
substance that combines with hydrogen ions are called
Definition
bases
Term
a blood pH of 8.0
Definition
alkalotic
Term
the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom determines whether it will react with another atom
Definition
octet rule
Term
an atom such as helium can be called
Definition
inert
Term
these are found in the nucleus and are relatively large particles
Definition
protons
Term
elements that the body requires in large amount
Definition
bulk elements
Term
protein that catalyzes a specific biochemical reaction
Definition
enzymes
Term
one or more of these move constantly around the nucleus
Definition
electrons
Term
these are molecules that influnce the rates of chemical reactions but are not consumed in the process
Definition
catalysts
Term
these are toxic in large amounts but are vital to your body in small amounts
Definition
ultra-trace elements
Term
chemicals that resist pH change 
Definition
buffers
Term
smallest complete unit of an element
Definition
atoms
Term
a shorthand system that is used to measure in grams of ions per liter of solution
Definition
pH scale
Term
substance that make up matter
Definition
elements
Term
negatively charged ions
Definition
anions
Term
positively charged ion
Definition
cations
Term
a blood pH of 6.8
Definition
acidosis
Term
two or more atoms may combine to form a distinctive type of particle cellda 
Definition
moleule
Term
used indeveloping new drugs methods of treating diseases
Definition
biochemistry
Term
considers the compostion of substances and how they change
Definition
chemistry
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