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Wood Unit 4
N/A
83
Geography
9th Grade
01/17/2014

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Term
Balkanization
Definition
When a state falls and separates into smaller ethnically based countries
Term
Binational State
Definition
a state that contains 2 nations
Term
MultiNational State
Definition
a state that contains more than one nation.
Term
Boundary
Definition
An invisible line that marks the extent of a state's territory and the control that it's leaders have.
Term
Centripetal Force
Definition
A force that unifies people of a nation
Term
Centrifugal Force
Definition
A force that fragments the people of a nation.
Term
Cold War
Definition
The competition between the US and the Soviet Union for control of land spaces.
Term
Colonies
Definition
Dependent areas.
Term
Command Economy
Definition
Economies with socialist principles.
Term
Compact States
Definition
A state whose shape is similar to a circle.
Term
Confederal System
Definition
A system that spreads the power among sub-units, and has a weak central government.
Term
Consequent Boundaries
Definition
Another name for the Cultural boundaries
Term
Core Area
Definition
the area in which a nation-state originates
Term
Core-Periphery
Definition
Te migration to core area.
Term
Cultural Boundary
Definition
Boundaries set in some states by ethnic differences, especially those based on language and/or religion.
Term
Democratization
Definition
The change into a democratic government.
Term
Devolution
Definition
The transfer of some important powers from the central government to sub-governments.
Term
Positional Disputes
Definition
Disputes between states about where the border is.
Term
Territorial disputes
Definition
disputes between states over the ownership of a region
Term
Resource Disputes
Definition
disputes between states involving natural resources in border areas.
Term
Functional Disputes
Definition
disputes between states about policies that apply in a border area.
Term
Economic Force
Definition
A devolutionary force.
Term
Electoral Geography
Definition
The study of how spatial configuration of electoral districts and voting patterns reflect and influence social and political affairs.
Term
elongated states
Definition
A state with a long and narrow state
Term
enclaves
Definition
A territory that is landlocked within another country, so that the country surrounds it.
Term
exclaves
Definition
Small bits of territory that lie on coasts separated from the state by the territory of another state.
Term
ethnic force
Definition
A devolutionary force.
Term
ethnonationalism
Definition
The tendency for an ethnic group to wee itself as a distinct nation with a right to autonomy or independence.
Term
European Constitution
Definition
Term
European Monetary Union
Definition
A union that handles all basic interest rates and fiscal policies.
Term
European Union
Definition
A region that promises to redefine the meaning of sovereignty.
Term
federal system
Definition
A system that divides the power among the central government and the sub-units.
Term
forward capital
Definition
When the capital city serves as a model for national objectives, especially for economic developments and future hopes.
Term
fragmentation
Definition
divisions based on ethnic or cultural identity
Term
fragmented states
Definition
A state that has several discontinuous pieces of territory
Term
frontiers
Definition
Geographic zones where no state exercises power where no state exercises power
Term
geometric boundary
Definition
Straight, imaginary boundaries.
Term
gerrymandering
Definition
Attempts to redraw boundaries in an attempt to win seats.
Term
geopolitics
Definition
the study of spatial and territorial relationships within the global-territorial order
Term
globalization
Definition
Growing commonalities between different nations.
Term
government
Definition
A reference to the leadership and the institutions that make policy decisions for a country
Term
heartland theory
Definition
A theory that states the pivot area of Eurasia holds the resources to dominate the globe.
Term
imperialism
Definition
Empire building(not the building)
Term
institutions
Definition
stable, long-lasting organizations that help to turn political ideas into policies.
Term
integration
Definition
A process that encourages states to pool their sovereignty in order to gain political, economic, and social clout.
Term
internal boundaries
Definition
Boundaries within the state
Term
irredentism
Definition
When a nation crosses extends out of its state.
Term
landlocked states
Definition
States lacking ocean frontage.
Term
market economy
Definition
An economy with socialist principles.
Term
marketization
Definition
A state's re-creation of a market in which property, labor, goods, and services can function in a competitive environment to determine their value.
Term
median-line principle
Definition
Term
microstates
Definition
Small states
Term
minority/majority districting
Definition
rearranging a district to allow a minority representative to be elected.
Term
mixed economy
Definition
An economy that allows for significant control from the central government
Term
monetary policy
Definition
control of the money supply
Term
multicore state
Definition
States with more than one core area.
Term
nation
Definition
A group of people that is bound together by a common political identity.
Term
nation-state
Definition
A state whose boundaries coincide with a distinct nation.
Term
nationalism
Definition
Identities based on nationhood.
Term
perforated states
Definition
A state that completely surrounds another state.
Term
physical boundary
Definition
boundaries that are easy to see, in reality and in maps.
Term
political geography
Definition
The study of the political organization of the planet
Term
political culture
Definition
The collection of political beliefs, values, practices, and institutions that the government is based on.
Term
politicization of religion
Definition
The use of religious principles to promote political ends
Term
politics
Definition
Power, who gets power, how, etc.
Term
primate city
Definition
A capital city that has no rival in terms of size or influence.
Term
privatization
Definition
The transfer of state-owned property to private ownership
Term
Ratzel, Friedrich
Definition
A geographer that theorized a state compares to a biological organism with a life cycle.
Term
relative location
Definition
the location of a state
Term
rimland theory
Definition
the theory stating that the Eurasian rim, not the heart, held the key to global power.
Term
Security Council
Definition
A body of the UN responsible for peacekeeping.
Term
Separatist movement
Definition
When different nationalities in a state demand independence.
Term
Shatter belts
Definition
Zones of great cultural complexity containing many small cultural groups who find refuge in isolation.
Term
Sovereignty
Definition
The ability of a state to carry out actions or policies within it's borders without any interference from the inside or outside.
Term
Spatial force
Definition
A devolutionary force.
Term
stateless nation
Definition
Nations without a state.
Term
states
Definition
countries with a defined border. Also has sovereignty.
Term
supranational organization
Definition
Groups of nations cooperating on either a regional or international level
Term
territorial morphology
Definition
Describes the shapes, sizes, and relative location of a state.
Term
territoriality
Definition
Efforts to control pieces of the Earth's surface for political and social ends.
Term
"third wave" of democratization
Definition
The defeat of totalitarian or dictatorial rulers from South America to Eastern Europe.
Term
three pillars
Definition
The three spheres of authority
Term
unitary state
Definition
A state that concentrates all policy-making powers in one central geographic place.
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