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| New idea that man can think for himself instead of just accepting ideas. Challenging conventions. New Science-Religion relationship. |
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| German Philosopher, used term “Enlightment”. Wanted men to think for themselves. |
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| Rene Descartes/Francis Bacon |
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Innovators of the new scientific methodology.
-Inductive Reasoning (Bacon): lots of material, get conclusions
-Deductive Reasoning (Descartes): logically flowing conclusions.
-Evidence based reasoning!!! |
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| Earth is NOT the center of the earth! |
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| Three laws of planetary motion. Heliocentric. Planets move in ellipses. |
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| Convinced of Heliocenteric universe. Published works, but forced to recant |
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| Wrote Principia. Invented Calculus. Law of Gravity. 3 laws of motion. |
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| Greek. Medical contemporary of Aristotle. |
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| wrote first anatomy textbook. Came into conflict with lots of traditional physicians. Conflict over medicine shifts medical center North. |
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| Discovered how heart works |
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| Used Microscope to see germs and bacteria for the first time |
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-Luxuries now became necessities.
-Ideological, religious motives. Conversion, missionaries. Religious freedom (puritans,protestants).
-Economic |
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| Slaves to Americas. Tobacco, cotton, sugar, rum from Americas to Europe. Manufactured goods from Europe to Africa. |
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-The latest in the English/French wars being fought on a global scale.
-Indians picked both sides.
-England wars when Quebec falls
-Treaty of Paris meant that French presence in N.America is pretty much wiped out. |
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| Why didn't feudalism work in the Colonies? |
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There was so much land that there was no room for land-based feudalism. Didn’t work because social mobility.
-In England tenants were bound to the land. But since land was so readily available in America, it didn’t work. |
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-Yeoman: land owning, pride, longbow.
-Serf: tied to land. Doesn’t own land. |
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-Military venture, no women.
-Struggled a lot. Starving time killed off half the colony.
-John Rolfe discovered that tobacco was profitable, assured security of Jamestown.
-John Smith in charge. Taskmaster, pretty much saved Jamestown.
-House of Burgesses: first assembly of elected representatives of English colonists in North America. Advised the Governor.
-First boatload of women arrived, showed that they believed Jamestown would be successful.
-First African arrived. |
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-Willam Bradford was Governor
-Puritan Separatists looking for religious freedom
-Mayflower Compact |
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| Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630) |
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-John Winthrop: Educated, Gentleman, Puritan lawyer
-Best financed and most prosperous
-“City on a Hill” |
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| Paid off passage to the New World by working for someone. |
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| Anyone who could pay their way to America got 50 acres of land. |
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Period of religious revival. Came about because of the need for moral rearmament (1730s-40s).
-New idea that man has the capability to discover God for himself. Individualism.
-Don’t need higher authority telling you what to believe.
-Free thought.
-Helped drive the Revolution. |
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| Massachusetts. Two types, Puritans and the less extreme upper echelon group. |
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-Founded Methodist movement.
-Oxford educated Englishmen. |
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-Intellectual, very smart, Yale educated.
-From Massachusetts
-“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
-People are in Moral Peril. Wake up!
-Switches to love as essence of religious experience |
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-Once got Ben Franklin to empty his pockets into the donation plate.
-Started on message of love. More positive.
-Inspired people to want to get back to Christianity
-“Camp Meetings” |
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