Title: Akhenaton 

Temple of Aton, Karnak, Egypt

• Changed religion
• Aton=sun disk
• Akenaton
• Changed of art
• sandstone
• body -face: lady like features Why: make a change? illness? deformity?

[image]

Bust of Queen Nefertiti

Amarma, Egypt

• Thutmose
• wife
• distortions: neck, longated
• crown
• function

Middle Coffin of Tutankamen

Thebes, Egypt

• "King Tut"
• Son in law of Ahkenaton
• Revival of Amen (name)
• Age during rule
• series of 3 coffins

-Osiris pose

Death Mask of Tutankhamen

Thebes, Egypt

• Teenage
• Idealization
• Serenity
• Dress

Intermost coffin of Tut

Thebes, Egypt

• 22 karats
• Semiprecious stones
• mummy

Prehistoric Aegean

• Mycenaean civilization
• cycladic civilization
• minoan civilization
• time periods overlap
• cultural overlap

Cycladic Culture

2700-

Figurine of a Woman

Cyclades, Greece

• findspot
• marble
• painted
• small scale- size; some larger
• form: simplified shapes, feet are pointed down

Male Harp Player

Cyclades, Greece. Marble

• number of males cf. to females
• similarties to females?
• differences from females?
• Uknown function for all cycladic figures
• possible function?

Spring Fresco/ Landscape with Swallows

Akrotiri, Thera (Cyclades, Greece). Fresco

• True/wet Fresco
• color scheme-cycladic and Minoan: red, yellow
• Stylistic characteristics: perhaps associated with technique
• contrast with Egyption: movement in flowers, 

Octopus Jar

Crete, Greece

• Color scheme: dark on light
• marine style: icongraphy-content, subject-matter
• nature
• describe lines: curve linear form; organic
• where is the most important part of image in relation to vase: dead center
• effect of depection of tentacles: wrapping around vase, emphasis roundness, movement
• symmetry: radial, not very rigid example: egyption

Palace (of Minos)

Knossos Crete

• no fortication wall: not really a worry on invasion
• 3 stories
• how space organized? magazines, throne room, shrine
• emphasis: storage: way more then actually needed for palace, redistribution for outside 

Stairwell in Residential Quarter

Knossos (Palace of Knossos), Crete

• light well
• columns
• column shapes: rounded
• function:
• frescoes

Bull Leaping Fresco 

Knossos, Crete. Fresco.

• Purpose, location activity
• color-males, females? Females-white, males-dark
• body proportions: hour glass shape
• color scheme: red, yellow, blue
• rendering of bull: the flying gallop, not naturalistic, same unjedlating line
• frame: might represent rock formation

1600-1200 BC

• approx 1450 bc-destruction

1. Thera?
2. Earthquake/
3. Human destructionn?

• Mycenaean Civilization
• Linear B
• Warfare:concerned all the time
• Defense

Citadel at Tiryns, Greece

• major aspect of citadel?
• influences by other civilizations; architecture such as: Minoans, Egypt, near east 

Corbel-vaulted Gallery

Tiryns, Greece

• 
  in circuit wall
• massive blocks
• cyclopean Masonry (cyclops)-must of made them
• Corbeled arch-vault (series of arches make an arch)

Citadel of Tiryns, Greece PLAN

• important architecture unit
• Megaron courtyard in front, axiality, parts of megaron:
• Function: religious, social, political
• Later development: temples similar and go back to this

Lion Gate, Citadel of Mycenae

Mycenae, Greece

• 
  fortification walls
• cyclopean blocks
• doorway- construction? post lineal system
• relieving triangle: Corbel arch
  

"Treasury of Atreus"

Mycenae, Greece

• name/title: 
• large scale
• tomb
• tholos
• behive tomb
• hillside: dug into
• corbelled dome
• size of interior space: 40x40, largest interior until patheom 

Grave Circle A

Mycenae, Greece (will not show pic on exam)

• Shaft Grave: used by many people, reused by generation to generation
• Wall
• Heinrich Schliemann: rich man who found cities in illian, odyssey including: Troy
• material in graves: contact with other graves

Funeraruy Mask

in Grave circle A. Mycenae, Greece

• wooden model: carved (making negative) then put gold on top and hammer
• Repousee: hammer into negative technique
• detail - method: by hand using incission 
• function
• where does idea come from?
• contrast with other culture

Warrior Vase

Mycenae, Greece

• vase shape: Krater (need to know shape) used to mix water and wine together
• Mycenaean vase: vase painting
  

Mycenaean/Minoan

• 
  Organization: Mycenaean more regimented, Minoan more free flowing. similiarities: image on widest part of the vase

• invasions?
• Destructions
• collapse caused palaces to get destroyed, causing dark age
• Movement from the north and displacement

Vase Painting 

Gemoetric Period 

900-700 bc

Dipylon Cemetery

Athens, Greec

• near or at 5 ft hugh
• type of vases? crator and vessel
• dark glaze at bottom: adds weight at the bottom visually

Corinthian Black-figure amphora with animal friezes

Rhodes, Greece

• frieze- registers
• orientalizing? influence from east
• rosettes
• no humans
• shortcuts-athens
• differences wth black figure? incision and color

600- 480 bce

6th century bc

Ajax and Achilles playing a gmae 

Exekias Italy

• who is Ajax and Achilles? shows psychological tension through playing a game
• Whats changed from Francois vase? one narrative; one single pannel. not minnature style
• skillful

Ajax and Achilles playing a game

by: Andokides Painter. Italy

• Red Figure: uknown
• Bilingual vase: two language vase: black and red
• type of vase? Anthra
• red figure: negative. red figures bigger then black figures. 

Herakles wrestling Antaios

By: Euphronios. Cerveteri, Italy

• myth of Herakles and Antaios: herakles pulling antaios from earth
• red figure
• complexity
• whtats depicted? women fleeing, antaios losing
• use of washes 

Sculpture: Archiac Period

New York Kouros

Attica, Greece. Marble

• Kourous- young male
• Kouroi- plural young mane
• function
• use of stone- east (orientalizing period)
• males; usu. nude
• where have we seen pose before? Egyption influence to old kingdom-Menkaure. rigid, poportions
• differences: nude, faces longated vs squished

Kroisos

Anavysos, Greece. Marble

• Dedicated by kroisis

Peplos Kore

from Acropolis. Athens, Greece Marble

• Kore-woman
• Korai- young woman
• Peplos (heavy woolen garment)
• Chiton
• coloration;headband
• clothed (greek lady always clothed)
• body thru drapery? slightly

• peripteral - image list
• function of greek temple: to hold cult statue
• similarities to Mycenaean Megaron: same axiality, porch and 2 columns
• Differences: perisrtyle 
  
• main room: cella
  

Greek Temple: Doric order and ionic order

• created in archiac period
• what are orders?
• elements of eachother
• post and lintel system
• Architrave, frieze, pediment
• differences:column, architrave, doric 

Temple of Aphaia Aegina, Greece

• which order? 
• 50 years later tan temple of Hera
• Aphaia
• coloration

• both Archaiac
• bulge in coloumn of Hera vs Aphaia
• fewer columns in temp of Aphaia
• bigger and more space in temp of Aphia

Treasury of the Siphinians

Sanctuary of Apollo. Delphi, Greece

• treasury? looks like abbreviated temple
• Ionic
• continous freeze

Dying Warrior

West vs. east pediments, temple of aphaia, aegina, greece

• smiling vs emotion
• east more natural

Early classical period

sculpture

480 bc -450 bc

Kritios Boy

from the acropolis athens, greece. marble

• scholoars thought artist was kritios
• 2 ft 10 in hiugh
• trasition from kourous figure

youthful, male, similar pose,

• hips more thrust
• contrapposto

Riace Warrior

found in the sea of riace, italy. Bronze

• few original bronzes-marbles copies
• use of bronze
• why did it survive? sea wreck
• details in other materials: copper nipples and other things
• more emphatic contrapposto

Pantenon

Architects: lktinos and Kallikrates. acropolis. athens, greece

• dedicated to athena Parthenos (virgin god)
• Architects
• sculptures director: Phidias (more sculpture)
• building-marble
• order of building? doric
• use of order-ionic elements

Three Goddesses

East pediment, Parthenon.

athens, greece. marble

• birth of athena
• hestia, dione, aphrodite
• composition? goddess of love on the right
• "wet drapery" technique
• folds of drapery

Centauromachy

metope from south side. Parthenon. acropolis. athens, greece. marble

• lapiths
• centaurs
• extremely high relief
• how does composition contribute to conveying dynamic action?
• allegory for war between Greeks and Persians

Panatheniac Festival procession frieze. Detail of horseman.

pantheon. acropolis. athens, greece marble

• ionic element
• sightlines (inside part of stells
• progression frieze

Weary Herakles (AKA: Farnese Herakles) 

By Lysippos. roman copy of bronze original