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Definition
| the awareness that a class structure exitst and the feeling of shared identification with others in one's class with whom one perceives common life chances |
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Definition
| a system of stratification ( characterized by low social mobility ) in which one's place in the stratification system is determined by birth |
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| the argument that poverty is a way of life and , like other cultures, is passed on from generation to generation |
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Definition
| the total years of formal education |
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Definition
| a system of stratification in which the ownership of property and the exercise of power is monopolized by an elite or noble class, which has total control over societal resources |
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Definition
| the thought resulting from subordinate classes internalizing the view of the dominant class |
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| the process whereby a growing proportion of the poor are women and children |
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Definition
| a belief system that tries to explain and justify the status quo |
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Definition
| the amount of money brought into a household from various sources during a given year ( wages, investment income, dividends, etc. |
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| the opportunities that people have in common by virtue of belonging to a particular class |
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Definition
| the midpoint of all household incomes |
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Definition
| the subjective evaluation people give to jobs as better or worse that others |
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Definition
| the figure established by the government to indicate the amount of money needed to support the basic needs of a household |
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Definition
| the value with which different groups or people are judged |
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Definition
| the social structural hierarchical position groups hold relative to the economic, social, political, and cultural resources of society |
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Definition
| the process by which different statuses in any group, organiztion, or society develop |
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Term
| Out-group homogeneity effect |
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Definition
| the tendency for an in-group member to perceive members of any out-group as similar or identical to each other |
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Definition
| the negative evaluation of a social group, and individuals within that group, based upon conceptions about that social group that are held despite facts that contradict it |
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Definition
| a social category, or social construction, that we treat as distinct on the basis of certain characteristics, some biological, that have been assigned social importance in the society |
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| process by which groups come to be defined as a "race" through soical institutions such as the law and the schools |
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Definition
| the use of race alone as the criterion for deciding whether to stop and detain someone on suspicion of their having committed a crime |
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Definition
| a process whereby some social category, such as a social class or nationality, is assigned what are perceived to be race characteristics |
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Definition
| the perception and treatment of a racial or ethnic group, or member of that group, as intellectually, socially, and culturally inferior to one's own group |
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Definition
| the spatial separation of racial and ethnic groups in different residential areas |
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Definition
| categorizing people on the basis of what initially appears prominent about them |
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Definition
| argument that dominant group aggression is directed toward a minority as a substitue for frustration with some other problem |
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Definition
| the spatial and social separtion of racial and ethnic groups |
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Definition
| an oversimplified set of beliefs about the members of a social group or social stratum that is used to catorgorize individuals of that group |
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| Stereotype interchangeability |
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Definition
| the principle that negative stereotypes are interchangeable form one raical group ( or gender or social class ) to another |
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Definition
| a grouping of people, largely minority and poor, who live at the absolute bottom of the socioeconomic ladder in urban areas |
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