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weathering and soil formation
chapter 7 Key terms
23
Science
7th Grade
12/05/2006

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Term
Weathering
Definition
is the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface.
Term
Mechanical weathering (physical)
Definition
The type of weathering in which rock is physically brokeninto smaller pieces.
Term
Abrasion
Definition
The grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind , or gravity.
Term
ice Wedging
Definition
Splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then frezzes and expands.
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
breaks down rock through chemical changes.
Term
Permeable
Definition
Characteristic of materials such as sand and gravel that allow water to pass easily through them.
Term
Soil
Definition
is the loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow.
Term
Bedrock
Definition
The sold layer of rock beneath the soil.
Term
Humus
Definition
Dark-colored organic material in the soil.
Term
Loam
Definition
soil that is made up of about equal of clay, sand , and silt.
Term
soil horizon
Definition
A layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it.
Term
topsoil
Definition
a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals.
Term
subsoil
Definition
usually consists of claw and other paticles washed down from the A horizon, but little humus.
Term
litter
Definition
As plants shed leaves, they form a loose layer.
Term
Decomposers
Definition
organsims that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals.
Term
Sod
Definition
The thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil- kept the soil in place and held onto moisture.
Term
renewable resource
Definition
one that is naturally replaced in a relatively short time.
Term
Dust Bowl
Definition
shown on the map in Figure 12m was an area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930s.
Term
Soil conservation
Definition
is the management of soil to prevent its destrution.
Term
Contour plowing
Definition
The practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope.
Term
Conservation plowing
Definition
The soil and its plant cover as little as possible.
Term
Erosion
Definition
is the movement of rock particles by wind, water ice, gravity.
Term
TAYLOR MIGGINS IS HOTTTT!!!!
Definition
HOTTY HOT HOT!!!!!
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