Term
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Definition
| the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
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Term
mechanical weathering
a.k.a physical weathering |
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Definition
| the type of weathering in which rock is physicallly broken into smaller pieces |
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Term
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Definition
| the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity. |
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Definition
| the process of water seeping into cracks in the rocks freezing and expanding to form a wedge |
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Definition
| the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
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Definition
| the material is full of tiny connected air holes that allow water to steep through it |
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Term
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Definition
| the loose weathered material on earth's surface in which plant's grow |
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Definition
| the solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
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Term
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Definition
| dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay |
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Definition
| soil made up of equal parts of clay, sand, and silt |
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Term
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Definition
| a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it |
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Term
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Definition
| crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| usually consits of clay and other paarticles washed down from the topsoil but little humus |
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Term
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Definition
| losse layer of plant leaves and other plant remains |
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Definition
| organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals |
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Term
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Definition
| thick mass of tough roots on the surface of the soil |
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Term
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Definition
| resource that is naturally replaced in a relatively short time |
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Definition
| area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930's |
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Term
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Definition
| management of soil to prevent its destruction |
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Term
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Definition
| practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope |
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Term
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Definition
| disturbs the soil and its plant cover as little as possible |
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Term
| What factors cause mechanical/physical weathering? |
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Definition
| Freezing and thawing, release of pressure, growth of plants, actions of animals, and abrasion. |
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Term
| Describe three causes of chemical weathering. |
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Definition
| mechanical weather exposes more rock to chemical weathering, pollution, and organiams weak acids |
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Term
| What factors affect the rate of weathering? |
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Definition
| the type of rock, and the climate |
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Term
| Explain why chemical weathering occurs faster in hot, wet climates than in cool, dry climates. |
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Definition
| Chemicals reactions occur faster at higher temperatures |
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Term
| What role does weathering play in the formation of soil? |
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Definition
| Soil develops more quickly in areas where weathering occurs faster a.k.a. warm rainy climates |
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Term
| What are the different materials that make up soil? |
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Definition
| rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air, and water |
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Term
| How do plants and animals affect the formation and compistion of the soil? |
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Definition
| the more plants and animals there are the more weathering there are. |
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Term
| How do forest soils differ from prairie soils? |
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Definition
| forest soils are formed in wet climates Prairie soils are formed in dry climates |
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