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wearthing and soil formation
chapter 7 key terms
22
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
weathering
Definition
is the process that breaks down rock and substances at Earths surface
Term
ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice in rocks weden and deepen crack
Term
mechanical or physical weathering
Definition
the type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pecies
Term
erosion
Definition
is the movement of rock particals by wind,water,ice or gravity
Term
abrasion
Definition
grinding away rock by rock particals carried by water,ice,wind,or gravity
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
is the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
Term
permeable
Definition
a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it
Term
soil
Definition
is the loose,weathered material on Earths suface in which plants can grow
Term
loam
Definition
soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay,sand, and silt
Term
humus
Definition
is a dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay
Term
soil horizon
Definition
is a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it
Term
topsoil
Definition
a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay and other minerals
Term
subsoil
Definition
usually consists of clay and other particals washed down from the A horizon ,but little humus
Term
decomposers
Definition
the orgainisms that breack the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals
Term
sod
Definition
the thick mass of tough roots at the suface of the soil-kept the soil in place and held onto mositure
Term
renewable resource
Definition
in one that is naturally replaced in a relatively short time
Term
soil conservation
Definition
manament of sil to prevent its destruction
Term
contour plowing
Definition
the practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope
Term
litter
Definition
as plants shed leaves,they form a loose layer called litter
Term
bedrock
Definition
the soild layer of rock beneath the soil
Term
dust bowl
Definition
wind and erosion,combined with farming methods that were not suited to dry conditions
Term
conservation plowing
Definition
disturbs the soil and its plant cover as little as possiable
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