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| The smallest structural unit of an organism |
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| the two-layered membrane that encases the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, which separates the nucleus from other cell organelles |
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| an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells |
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| a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma of the membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria |
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| a theory in biology that includes one or both of the statements that the cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of living matter and that the organism is composed of autonomous cells with its properties being the sum of those of its cells |
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| the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed |
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| a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid |
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| is the net passive movement of particles from a region in which they are in higher concentration to regions of lower concentration |
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| a microscopic, single-celled organism which has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles |
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| carry all the specific information used to help a cell grow, thrive, and reproduce |
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| organelles found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur |
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| a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution, into a more concentrated one |
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| Any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms whose cell contains a distinct, membrane-bound nucleus |
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| a small, dense, spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase |
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| the combination of two biological terms, plastid (an organelle in a plant cell) and chloros, which means green. |
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| the condition in which all acting influences are balanced or cancelled by opposing forces, resulting in a stable system. |
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| a membrane-bound structure that contains a cell’s hereditary information and controls the cell’s growth and reproduction |
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| a sphere shaped structure within the cytoplasm of a cell that is composed of RNA and protein, and is the site of protein synthesis |
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| consists mainly of actin filaments and microtubules and plays an important role in cell movement, shape, growth, division, and differentiation, as well as in the movement of organelles within the cell |
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| a hypotonic solution is any solution that has a lower osmotic pressure than another solution. |
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| a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function. |
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| a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in lipid and protein synthesis. |
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| animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spina minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in dle fibers in cell division. |
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| a solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater outside the cell than inside it. |
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| the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus. |
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| a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular support. |
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| a membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. It is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. |
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| the process of spontaneous passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell’s membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins. |
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