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Vocabulary Units 13-15
Reading and Rhetoric
50
English
12th Grade
12/19/2007

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Term
abstruse
Definition
(adj.) extremely difficult to understand

-The physicist tried to explain her ------ research in the field of quantum mechanics.
Term
affront
Definition
(n.) an open or intentional insult; a slight; offense

-The prisoner felt that being referred to by number rather than by name was an ------ toher dignity.

(v.) to insult to one's face; to face in defiance, confront; offend.

-In the nineteenth century, Irish immigrants to the United States were ------ affronted by signs reading: No Irish Need Apply.
Term
canard
Definition
(n.) a false rumor, fabricated story; hoax.

-The tabloid journalist was responsible for spreading the ------ about the candidate's mental health.
Term
captious
Definition
(adj.) excessively ready to find fault; fiven to petty criticism; intended to trap, confuse, or show up; faultfinding; nitpicking, carping.

-She's an invariably ------ critic.
Term
cognizant
Definition
(adj.) aware, knowledgeable, informed; having jurisdiction; conscious, acquainted.

-Police officers must make sure that crime suspects are made ------ of their rights before they are questioned.
Term
contrite
Definition
(adj.) regretful for some miseed or sin; plagued by a sense of guilt; thoroughtly penitent. remorseful; rueful.

-The convicted felon had the look of someone who was truly ------ and ready to pay for his crimes.
Term
cynosure
Definition
(n.) the center of attraction, attention, or interest; something that serves to guide or direct.

-For over a century, the Statue of Liberty has been the ------ for millions of immigrants entering New York Harbor.
Term
decorous
Definition
(adj.) well-behaved, dignified, socially proper.

-On formal occasions, like weddings and graduations, participants are expected to behave in a ------ manner.
Term
desiccated
Definition
(adj., part) thoroughly dried out; divested of spirit or vitality; arid and uninteresting.

-The cornfield was ------ by the scorching sun after the long, hot summer without rain.
Term
engender
Definition
(v.) to bring into existence, give rise to, produce; to come into existence, assume form

-The university has made and appealing videotape in order to ------- student interest in studying abroad.
Term
ethereal
Definition
(adj.) light, airy, delicate; highly refined; suggesting what is heavenly (rather than earthbound, mundane)

-The Renaissance painter Fra Angelico captured the ------ beauty of angels with his famous frescoes.
Term
incongruous
Definition
(adj.) not in keeping, unsuitable, incompatible. discordant, jarring.

-Abraham Lincoln, the backwoods lawyer, and Mary Todd, the rich socialite, seemed an ------ couple.
Term
machination
Definition
(n.) a crafty, scheming, or underhanded action designed to accomplish some (usually evil) end.

-Shakespeare;s Othello was the victim not only of lago's evil ------ but also of his own jealous nature.
Term
opprobrium
Definition
(n.) disgrace arising from shameful conduct; contempt, reproach. shame, odium, dishonor.

-Despite the passage of centuries, ------ is still attached to the name of the traitor Benedict Arnold.
Term
putative
Definition
(adj.) generally regarded as such; reputed; hypothesize, inferred, supposed, presumed.

-Ancient Celtic rituals and ceremonies are the ------ origins of some of our modern Halloween customs.
Term
amenity
Definition
(n.) that which is pleasant or agreeable; (pl.) attractive features, customs, etc.

-When I backpack there are certain basic ------ such as clean sheets and a dry tent, that I will not go without.
Term
dissidence
Definition
(n.) a difference of opinion; discontent; dissent, disagreement.

-When the commanding officer announced that all leave was cancelled, there was widespread ------ in the ranks.
Term
epicurean
Definition
(adj.) devoted to the pursuit of pleasure; fond of good food, comfort, and ease; with discriminating tastes; hedonistic.

-The chef took and epicurean delight in presenting the most delicious dishes to his demanding clientele.

(n.) a person with discriminating tastes.

-Even the most fervent ------ should not expect the fine dining in a poor, war-torn country.
Term
improvident
Definition
(adj.) not thrifty; failing to plan ahead.

-Some people are so ------ that despite high incomes they struggle to make ends meet.
Term
iniquity
Definition
(n.) wickedness, sin; a grossly immoral act; evil, crime.

-English Puritans looked upon the court that surrounded King Charles I as a den of ------.
Term
inviolable
Definition
(adj.) sacred; of such a character that is must not be broken, injured, or profaned.

-Safeguarding the retirement income of millions of Americans is an ------ trust of the federal gov't.
Term
mutable
Definition
(adj.) open to or capable of change, fickle. changeable, variable.

-Most people would agree that one's principles and moral values should not be as ------ as fashion.
Term
nascent
Definition
(adj.) just beginning to exist or develop; having just come into existence

-Recent public opinion polls registered ---- opposition to the proposed tax increase.
Term
obeisance
Definition
(n.) a deep bow or other body movement indicating respect or submission; deference, homage

-Upon entering the throne room, each courtier made a respectful ------ before the king and queen.
Term
panegyric
Definition
(n.) formal or elaborate praise; a tribute; encomium.

-The speaker delivered a ------ in honor of the award-winning author.
Term
pillory
Definition
(n.) a device for publicly punishing offenders; a means for exposing one to public contempt or ridicule

-The ----- was placed in the center of town so that everyone could view the outlaws and their shame.

(v.) to expose to public contempt or ridicule

-The candidate tried to ------ her political opponent by suggesting that he had ties to organized crime.
Term
pittance
Definition
(n.) a woefully meager allowance, wage, or portion.

-In comparison to the overwhelming need for food and medicine, the shipment was a mere -----.
Term
presage
Definition
(v.) to foreshadow or point to a future event; to predict.

-The skirmishes at the border ------ a war.

(n.) a warning or indication of the future.

-The fall in stock prices and retail sales may be a ------ of hard economic times to come.
Term
promulgate
Definition
(v.) to proclaim or issue officially; to make known far and wide. announce.

-The School Board ------ a new approach to education that emphasized phonics.
Term
rectitude
Definition
(n.) uprightness, righteousness; correctness; integrity

-The mayor is a person of unquestionable -----.
Term
restive
Definition
(adj.) restless, hard to manage, balky, uneasy, fidgety.

-The ------ horse had not been taken out of the stable for five days.
Term
seraphic
Definition
(adj.) angelic, heavenly, celestial.

-The artist painter the children with ------ smiles to suggest their innocence.
Term
subsist
Definition
(v.) to have existence; to remain alive, manage to make a living or maintain life; to persist or continue; last, survive, sustain.

-Peasants in nineteenth-century Ireland were able to ------ almost exclusively on potatoes.
Term
beatific
Definition
(adj.) blissful; rendering or making blessed.

-During the awards ceremony, the Gold Medal winner has a positively ------ expression on her face.
Term
behemoth
Definition
(n.) a creature of enormous size, power, or appearance.

-The Loch Ness monster is a famous -----.
Term
blandishment
Definition
(n., often plural) anything designed to flatter or coax; sweet talk, apple-polishing.

-The king was often influence by subtle ------.
Term
cacophonous
Definition
(adj.) harsh-sounding, racous, discordant, dissonant.

-The scene opened with ------ laughter coming from three witches gathered around a steaming cauldron.
Term
chicanery
Definition
(n.) trickery, deceptive practices or tactics, double-dealing.

-The accountants used legal ------ to cover up the company's shaky financial position.
Term
consign
Definition
(v.) to give over to another's care, charge, or control; to entrust, deliver; to set apart for special use.

-The ship's captain ----- many duties to her trusted first mate.
Term
coup
Definition
(n.) a highly successful stroke, masterstroke, tour de force, act, plan or stratagem; a sudden takeover of power or leadership

-The surprise ----- by high-ranking military officers toppled the weak government in a matter of hours.
Term
febrile
Definition
(adj.) feverish; pertaining to or marked by fever; frenetic.

-The journalist wrote with ----- intensity.
Term
gainsay
Definition
(v.) to deny, contradict, controvert; to dispute, oppose.

-Some wished to ------ the conclusions of the US Supreme Court in the matter of the 2000 presidential election.
Term
loath
Definition
(adj.) unwilling, reluctant, disinclined.

-My hard-working grandfather was ------ to retire.
Term
manifest
Definition
(adj.) clear, evident to the eyes or mind;

-It was ------ to many nineteenth-century Americans that the nation was destined to extend to the Pacific Ocean.

(v.) to show plainly, exhibit, evince;

-When the man began to ----- signs of hearing loss, he went to a specialist.

(n.) a list of cargo and/or passengers

-The passenger ------ helps investigators find out who is on a board a plane.
Term
minutiae
Definition
(pl. n.) small or trivial details, trifling matters

-Because the researcher was too concerned with ------, she was unlikely to make an original discovery.
Term
moratorium
Definition
(n.) a suspension of activity; an official waiting period; an authorized period of delay. postponement, stoppage

-The conference was held to try to negotiate a ------ on arms sales to both sides of the conflict.
Term
nostrum
Definition
(n.) an alleged cure-all; a remedy or scheme of questionably effectiveness. panacea, elixir.

-The federal Food and Drug Administration was created in part to keep unsavory characters from peddling ------ to the public.
Term
pariah
Definition
(n.) one who is rejected by a social group or organization.

-In most of the world today, those who are suffering from the disease of leprosy are no longer treated as ------.
Term
visionary
Definition
(adj.) not practical, lacking in realism; having the nature of a fantasy of dream

-Ideas that once were considered -------- often become widely accepted over time.

(n.) one given to far-fetched ideas; a dreamer or seer characterized by vision or foresight.

-The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., was a ------ whose dreams inspired the American civil rights movement.
Term
wizened
Definition
(adj., part.) dry, shrunken, and wrinkled (often as the result of aging). withered, shriveled.

-The ------ old woman walked with the aid of a cane.
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