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| The point where no more heat can be removed from a system. According to the absolute or thermodynamic temperature scale. |
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| The temperature at which a liquid boils & turns to vapor. |
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| The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material. |
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| The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter & therefore less dense material to rise, & colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat. |
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| Movement of a fluid from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Is a result of the kinetic properties of particles of matter. The particles will mix until they are evenly distributed. |
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| The movement of a gas through a pore or capillary into another gaseous region or into a vacuum. |
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| (Of a reaction or process) accompanied by or requiring the absorption of heat. |
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| The measure of the disorder of a system, usually denoted by the letter S. A high ordered system has low entropy. |
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| (Of a reaction or process) accompanied by the release of heat. |
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| A state of matter consisting of particles that have neither a defined volume nor defined shape. |
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| The energy an object possesses due to its motion. An object of mass m moving at velocity v has a kinetic energy equal 1/2mv2. |
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| Is one of the states of matter. The particles in a liquid are free to flow, so while a liquid has a definite volume, it does not have a definite shape. |
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| The temperature at which a given solid will melt. |
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| An ionized gas consisting of positive ions & free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge, typically at low pressures (as in the upper atmosphere & in fluorescent lamps) or at very high temperatures (as in stars & nuclear fusion reactors). |
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| A state of matter characterized by particles arranged such that their shape & volume are relatively stable. The constituents of a solid tend to be packed together much closer than the particles in a gas or liquid. |
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| An absence of air or other gas. |
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| The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with the solid or liquid phase of the same substance. Also, the partial pressure of the substance in the atmosphere above the solid or the liquid. |
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