Shared Flashcard Set

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Vocabulary Set 1 and 2
Late ):
22
Biology
9th Grade
12/10/2012

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Cards

Term
Punnett Square
Definition
A diagram used to predict the different genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring of two parents.
Term
Gregor Mendel
Definition
Scientist and Friar who used pea plants
Term
Allele
Definition
different forms of a gene.
Term
Trait
Definition
is a specific characteristic
Term
Gamete
Definition
A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote
Term
Law of Segregation
Definition
States that every organism has two alleles per gene and that each allele came from one parent.
Term
Independent assortment
Definition
states that separate genes for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to off spring.
Term
Dominane (Allele)
Definition
The trait that will be expressed in an organism.
Term
Recessive (Allele)
Definition
The trait that will only be expressed if an organism does not also have a dominant allele.
Term
Heterozygous/Hybrid
Definition
An organism has two dfferent alleles for a single gene
Term
Homozygouse/Purebred
Definition
An organism has two of the same alleles for a single gene
Term
Phenotype
Definition
Physical characteristics expressed by genes
Term
Genotype
Definition
The genetic makeup of an organism
Term
Monohybrid cross
Definition
A cross of two parents for one gene of interest
Term
Dihybrid cross
Definition
is a punnett square that shows the inheritance of two genes
Term
Probability
Definition
The extent to which something is probable.
Term
Codominance
Definition
one allele is not entirely dominant over another and both traits are fully expressed
Term
Incomplete dominance
Definition
one allele is not entirely dominance over another and the phenotype of the two alleles looks like they have blended together
Term
Autosomes
Definition
Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
Term
Karyotype
Definition
A chart showing chromosomes
Term
Sex-linked trait
Definition
Are traits that are genetically determined by an allele on the sex-chromosome
Term
Sex chromosome
Definition
A chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds
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