Term
|
Definition
| deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns |
|
|
Term
| Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
|
Definition
| a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of 3 keys symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition), a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. Presently distributed in an updated "text revision" (DSM-IV-TR) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological disorders characterized by distressing , persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety |
|
|
Term
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experience terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation |
|
|
Term
| Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder (OCD) |
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and or/actions (compulsions) |
|
|
Term
| Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) |
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and / or insomnia that lingers for 4 wks or more after a traumatic experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings |
|
|
Term
| Dissociative identity disorder (DID) |
|
Definition
| a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits 2 or more distinct and alternating personalities . Also called multiple personality disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes |
|
|
Term
| Major depressive disorder |
|
Definition
| a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or medical condition, 2 or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a mood disorder in which the person alternatives between hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania (formerly called manic-depression disorder) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| false beliefs, often of persecutions or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological disorders characterized by an inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social fxning |
|
|
Term
| Antisocial personality disorder |
|
Definition
| a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man), exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. Maybe aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient's nervous system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient's free associate, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the therapist's interpretations of them - released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to fain self-insight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, and empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Roger's client-centered therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| therapy that applies learning principles to the elemination of unwanted behaviors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure therapy and aversive conditioning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid |
|
|
Term
| Systematic desensitization |
|
Definition
| a type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene events and our emotional reactions |
|
|
Term
| Cognitive-behavior therapy |
|
Definition
| a popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the effects if drugs on mind and behavior |
|
|
Term
| Electroconvulsive therapy |
|
Definition
| a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-econtrolling centers of the inner brain |
|
|
