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Vocab.
Ch. 11 Vocab.
11
Biology
9th Grade
01/15/2013

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Term
Gamete
Definition
a haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote
Term
Zygote
Definition
the cell that results from the fusion of gametes; a fertilized egg
Term
Diploid
Definition
a cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes
Term
Haploid
Definition
describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Term
Homologous Chromosomes
Definition
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis
Term
Meiosis
Definition
a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells (gametes or spores)
Term
Crossing-Over
Definition
the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis; can result in genetic recombination
Term
Independent Assortment
Definition
the random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes
Term
Life Cycle
Definition
all of the events in the growth and development of an organism until the organism reaches sexual maturity
Term
Sperm
Definition
the male gamete (sex cell)
Term
Ovum
Definition
a mature egg cell
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