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| a learned group accepted as authoritative in its discipline (subject area), or a school in which art is taught. usually refers to a recognized society established for the promotion of one or more of the arts or sciences. today, it primarily serves as an art school and exhibition facility. have often been the targets of innovators in the arts. |
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| to take possession of another's imagery (or sounds), often without permission, reusing it in a context which differs from its original context, most often in order to examine issues concerning originality or to reveal meaning not previously seen in the original. far more aggressive than allusion or quotation, but is not the same as plagiarism. an example is an image reused in collage |
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| a 3-D composition made of various materials, such as found objects, paper, wood, and textiles. |
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| an artist's or an artisan's studio, a workshop. sometimes refers to a studio where an artist trains for his profession |
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| a process of making mechanically, randomly, or by unconscious free association (rather than under the control of a conscious artist), after establishing a set of conditions (such as types of materials) within which a work is to be carried out. |
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| vanguard. artists and their work which stand in the forefront of a movement or of ideas, often in opposition to established ideas and traditions; art that's ahead of its time, innovative, experimental, heterodox. |
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| a process used in printmaking using screens of various dot patterns to mechanically produce shading effects. used in a lot of pop art compositions |
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| an abstract form whose shapes are more organic than geometric, more curvaceous than linear. |
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| the origin of the present day camera. consisted of a darkened room or box with a small hole through one wall. light rays could pass through the hole to transmit in an inverted image of the scene outside the room onto a flat screen on its inside. |
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| an architectural fantasy, placing together buildings, archaeological remains, and other architectural elements in fictional and often fantastical combinations, perhaps with the staffage of figures. Fits under the more general term of landscape painting. |
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| a picture of design created by following such basically flat elements as newspaper, wallpaper, printed text and illustrations, photographs, cloth, string...to a flat suface. most of the materials in these are often found materials. introduced by cubist artists. |
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| any painted assemblage that is neither simply painting or sculpture, but rather a hybrid or interdisciplinary painting-sculpture. coined by Robert Rauschenberg. |
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| colors that are directly opposite each other on the color wheel, such as red and green; blue and orange; and violet and yellow. When mixed together, they form the neutral colors of brown or gray. |
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- in castles, the surrounding fortified walls
- in modern architecture, an outer non-load-bearing wall, often simply a field of large panes of glass held in place with a lattice of other material, sometimes merely thin metal bands.
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| the first commerical photographic process introduced by J.M. Daguerre. Each consisted of a copper plate, coated with silver, which when sensitized with iodine vapor, produced silver iodide. After long exposture in the camera, the positve image on this surface was developed by mercury vapor. These portraits often require viewing from a certain angle, but their permanence was a tremendous achievement in the emergence of photography. |
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| movement of artists with wide ranging goals, but all created in nature, employing such materials as stones, dirt, and leaves. Most works are sculptural. Often refer to a phenomena such as the slow process of erosion or to the movement of planets or stars, especially the sun. Many are intended to help us better understand nature, while some demonstrate the inherent differences between nature and civilization, often pointing out artists' desires to understnad, conquer, and control natural processes. An example is the Spiral Jetty. |
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| an elegant and graceful outdor celebration, such as those seen in the picnics and flirtateous games often represented in Rococo paintings of French aristocratic life. |
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| theory of art which places emphasis on form-the structural qualities. The most important thing about a work of art is the effective organization of the elements of art through the use of the principles of design. |
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| the technique of rubbing with crayon or graphite on a piece of paper which has ben traced over an object, or an image achieved in this way. also simply referred to as rubbing. ususally made from highly textured subjects as leaves, wood, wire screen, gravestones, and manhole covers. |
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| traditional travel of Europe undertaken by mainly upper-class European young men of means. served as an educational rite of passage. primary values of this was to lay in the exposure both to the cultural legacy of Renaissance and to the aristocratic and fashinonably polite society of the European continent. |
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| surrealist technique in painting in which (usually dry) paint is scrapped off the canvas. |
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| losely structured theatrical pieces from the mid 1950s through the mid 1960s, which shared qualities of unexpectedness, variety of means, and chaos, with the reactions of the audience potentially influencing the action under way. elements or theatricality and took place without traditionally theatrical participants or environments, and resulted from an evolution in modernist art in which the outside edges of the work are blurred, broken, or nonexistent. sprang from an artists' reaching for the means of establishing a more direct relationship between the artist and the audience, and between art and life, simultaneous with their rejection of the market's control of art. |
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| artistic styles that draw their inspiration from copying historic styles or artisans. |
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| the paintings of scenes from the past |
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| art that is or has been installed, arranged in a place, either by the artist or as specified by the artist. Might be site-specific or not, and either indoors or out. may be temporary or permanent, but most will be known to posterity through documentation. |
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| influence of the arts of Japan on those of the West. works arising from the direct transfer of principles of Japanese art on Western, especially by French artists. |
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| a method of printing from a prepared flat stone or metal or plastic plate, invented by the late 18th century. A drawing is made on the stone or plate with a greasy crayon or tusche and then washed with water. When ink is applied, it sticks to the greasy drawing but runs off the wet surface allowing a print to be made of the drawing. Then you cover the plate with a sheet of paper and runs both through a press under light presure. for a colored version, separate drawings are made for each color. |
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| genre of artistic creations that vary widely from one another, but which all hare the same prupoe: to remind people of their own mortality. |
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| a construction made of objects that are balanced and arranged on wire arms and suspended so as to move freely. |
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| a female slave or concubine in the harems of the Middle East, especially in that of Turkey's sultan. Was a famous subject of 19th century European orientalists and was depicted as a reclining nude or semi-nude in typically Turkish surroundings. An example is Odalisque in Grisaille. |
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| pigments mixed with gum and water and pressed into a dried stick form for use as crayons. works with such pigments are called these as well. |
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| art in which works in any of a variety of media are executed premeditated before a live audience. presents actual events as art. |
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| any scene which seems to be especially suitable for representation in a picture, especially that which is sublime. it is especially associated with an aesthetic mode formulated in the late 18th century which deliberate rusticity, irregularities of design, and even a cultivated pursuit of quaint or nostalgic forms. |
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| the doctrine that numerous distinct ethnic, religious, and cultural groups should and do coexist, and that no single group is superior to others. Also referred to art in the 1970s and 1980s when the great variety of attitudes and style was taken as a sign of cultural vigor. encourages divergent perceptions of the world, and arguing against the setting of any single standard. |
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| early or undeveloped; simple. |
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| an object manufactured for some other purpose, presented by an artist as a work of art. An example is Duchamp's Fountain. |
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| a large room, such as a drawing room, used for receiving and entertaining guests. A hall or gallery for the exhibition of works of art. a periodic gathering of people of artistic or social distinction. |
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| a stencil process of printmaking in which an image is imposed on screen of silk or other fine mesh, with blank areas coated with an impermeable substance, and ink is forced through the mesh onto the printing surface. |
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| artwork created to exist in a certain place. Typically, the artist takes the location into account while planning and creating the artwork |
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| a concept, thing, or exceptional and awe inspiring beauty and moral or intellectual expression, a goal to which many 19th century artists aspired in their artworks. |
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| highly detailed, usually large scale painting of a cityscape or some other vista. |
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