Term
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Definition
all the processes by which sensory inputs are:
transformed (photopigment breakdown),
reduced (receptive fields),
elaborated (simple cells),
stored (memory),
recovered (recognition),
and used (info acted upon). |
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Term
| Assumptions of Models of Visual Info Processing |
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Definition
1) there is a time delay between a physical event and perceptual event due to series of stages of processing.
2) As stimulus is processed, the form and content of the stimulus undergoes a series of changes or transformations. |
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Term
| Study of visual info processing suggests existence of 3 visual memories: |
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Definition
Iconic Memory
Working Memory (Short Term)
Long Tem Memory
each memory is defined in terms of :
capacity
form of representation
cause of forgetting |
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Term
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Definition
capacity: large
representation: image on retina
cause of forgetting: decay
literal, pre-categorical and not identified |
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Term
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Definition
capacity: small
representation: has added content from long term memory
cause of forgetting: interference |
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Term
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Definition
capacity: infinite
representation: semantic, visual, verbal characteristics (higher levels of meaning)
cause of forgetting: retrieval failures |
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Term
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Definition
| aspect of memory that stores facts and events |
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Term
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Definition
| consciously recalled facts or events that have verbal components. |
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Term
| Working Memory has 3 components: |
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Definition
1) The phonological loop
2)Visuo-spatial sketch paf
3) central executive |
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Term
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Definition
| number of items that can be seen in a single glance |
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Term
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Definition
demonstrated people can remember more than 4 letter, but forget them quickly. Led to believe we are dealing with limited memory with restricted capacity. Increasing or decreasing duration of presentation of the array did not affect the memory.
info was transferred to working memory at rate of 10 msec. per item. |
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Term
| Items are chosen for transfer out of the icon based on: |
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Definition
1) serial position (left to right order)
2) Perceptual set (primacy in visual info processing for things we expect to see |
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Term
| Visual to Auditory transformation |
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Definition
representation in working memory of a string of letters representing a word is accompanied by the sound of that word
Ex: rat cat bat
fish horse dog |
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Term
Interference Hypothesis
-Disproved Peterson's Experiment |
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Definition
| new information displaces old information |
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Term
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Definition
recall of info as a function of the order of presentation
1) primacy effect
2) recency effect
Recency effect reflects short term memory, acquisition of primacy effect relates to education in children |
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Term
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Definition
Behavioral knowledge of an experience without conscious recall or verbal components; habit memory
ex. riding a bicycle |
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Term
Characteristics of long term memory
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Definition
Addressable- how is it held in long term memory
A semantic basis for organization
Context dependent
Subject to retrieval failure |
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Term
| Evidence that Short term and Long term memory are separate entities: |
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Definition
1) Introspection
2) Clinical Cases
3) Free recall function |
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