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| A virus that uses bacteria as its host; often called a phage. |
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| The protein coat or shell that surrounds a virion's nucleic acid. |
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| an outer membranous layer that surrounds the nucleocapsid in some viruses |
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| the rupture or physical disintegration of a cell; when a cell bursts |
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| Bacteria that are carrying a viral prophage and have the potential of producing bacteriophages under the proper conditions |
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| The state in which a phage genome remains within the bacterial host cell after infection and reproduces along with it rather than taking control of the host and destroying it. |
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| A virus life cycle that results in the lysis of the host cell |
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| A gene whose activity is associated with the conversion of normal cells to cancer cells. |
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| An infectious particle that is the cause of slow diseases like scrapie in sheep and goats; it has a protein component, but no nucleic acid has yet been detected. |
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| The latent form of a temperate phage that remains within the lysogen, usually integrated into the host chromosome. |
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| An enzyme that hydrolyzes proteins to their constituent amino acids. Also called a proteinase. |
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| Viral DNA that has been integrated into host cell DNA. In retroviruses it is the double-stranded DNA copy of the RNA genome. |
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| A group of viruses with RNA genomes that carry the enzyme reverse transcriptase and form a DNA copy of their genome during their reproductive cycle. |
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| reverse transcriptase (RT) |
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Definition
| An RNA-dependent DNA polymerase that uses a viral RNA genome as a template to form a DNA copy; this is a reverse of the normal flow of genetic information. How HIV works. |
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| Bacteriophages that can infect bacteria and establish a lysogenic relationship rather than immediately lysing their hosts. |
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| a living organism, usually an arthropod (ticks, mosquitoes, fleas) or other animal, that transfers an infective agent from one host to another |
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| An infectious agent of plants that is a single-stranded RNA not associated with any protein; the RNA does not code for any proteins and is not translated. |
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| a description of the degree or intensity of pathogenicity of an organism as indicated by case fatality rates and/or ability to invade host tissues and cause disease. |
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| An infectious agent having a simple acellular organization with a protein coat and a single type of nucleic acid, lacking independent metabolism, and reproducing only within living host cells |
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| illnesses caused by new or reappearing infectious agents that typically exist in animal populations - often in isolated habitats - and can infect humans who interact with these animals (zoonosis) |
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Definition
| a gene that regulates normal cell division but that can become a cancer-causing oncogene as a result of mutation or recombination |
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