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Viruses
Mastering Biology Chapters 19
18
Biology
Undergraduate 1
12/08/2012

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Term
Capsids
Definition
protein shell of virus that encloses genome
Term
Capsomere
Definition
protein subunits that make up a capsid
Term
Viral Envelopes
Definition
surround the capsid of some viruses including influenza. Made of host cell membrane
Term
Obligate intracellular parasites
Definition
They can only replicate inside a host cell
Term
Host range
Definition
the number of cells a virus can infect
Term
Bacteriophage
Definition
Viruses that infect bacteria
Term
Lytic cycle
Definition
virus replicative cycle that results in the death of the host cell
Term
Lysogenic cycle
Definition
virus replicative cycle that inserts the DNA of the virus in the genome of host cell and doesn't kill host cell
Term
Virulent phage
Definition
a phage that only uses the lytic cycle
Term
Prophage
Definition
integrated viral DNA
Term
Restriction Enzymes
Definition
Enzymes that recognize and cut up certain phage DNA
Term
Viral glycoproteins
Definition
on the viral envelope and are used to bind to receptor molecules on host cell
Term
Retrovirus
Definition
RNA virus that uses the reverse transcriptase enzyme to copy their RNA into the host DNA
Term
Provirus
Definition
viral DNA that is incorporated into the hosts genome
Term
Are viruses alive and why?
Definition
No because they don't metabolize
Term
Prions
Definition
slow acting virtually indestructible infectious proteins that cause brain disease
Term
How do prions work?
Definition
obtained in food and then convert normal proteins to prions
Term
How does the lytic cycle work?
Definition
Attach to host cell, insert DNA,stop cells functions to create virus pieces,form viruses, lyse cell
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