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| adj. 1. characteristic of a much earlier or primitive period 2. antiquated; out-of-date |
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| n. an original model or type from which similar forms are copied |
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| n. 1. a group of many islands or the sea containing them 2. a group of separate entities contained within a defined area |
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| n. the collected records of an organization, institution, or public person (archives can also refer to the place in which such records are stored) |
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| n. 1. absence of any form of government or political authority; lawlessness 2. disorder and confusion |
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| n. government by the few, especially a faction of persons or families |
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| n. a leader or agitator who appeals to people's passions and prejudices rather than to their reason |
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| n. one who studies the characteristics of populations and analyzes data such as numbers, births, deaths, diseases, and other vital statistics |
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| adj. commonly found in a particular region or among a particular people |
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| adj. spread throughout a wide geographical area; worldwide |
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| adj. 1. liking companionship; sociable 2. tending to like or move in groups of one's own kind |
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| n. a large group or collection of people, animals, or things |
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| adj. extraordinarily bad; flagrant |
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| n. 1. an image, representation, or symbol 2. a representation or picture of a sacred personage or event, traditionally painted on wooden panels in the manner of Eastern Orthodox churches. 3. a person greatly admired for a particular talent, quality, or service |
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| adj. 1. breaking or destroying images (referring especially to a movement to destroy images in Eastern Orthodox churches during the ninth and tenth centuries and a later Protestant movement 2. attacking or overthrowing tradition or popular ideas, institutions, or conventions |
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| adj. promoting; contributing (used with "to"); helpful |
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| v. 1. to persuade; to influence 1. to cause; to bring about |
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| v. to slander; to speak falsely or maliciously of |
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| n. 1. a small fort defending an important point 2. a place of refuge or defense |
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| n. dominance, especially of one political body over another |
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| n. a thorough explanation or interpretation, especially of a sacred text |
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| n. 1. an announcement; a proclamation 2. (often capitalized) In Christian thought, the announcement by the angel Gabriel to Mary that she would give birth to the son of God |
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| n. an action or statement in which something is given up, rejected, abandoned, or sacrificed |
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| n. an organized society, such as a nation, state, church, or other organization, having a specific form of government |
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| adj. 1. wise; prudent; sagacious 2. expedient; taking advantage of the moment; shrewd |
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| n. monarch; a ruler possessing great power |
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| adj. mighty; powerful; forceful |
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| n. 1. emblems and symbols of royalty, rank, office, or institution 2. finery; elaborate attire |
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| n. the office or period of office of a regent; one who administers for a monarch, especially (sometimes capitalized) in England (1811-1820) and in France (1715-1723) |
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| n. a governor or ruler exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign in a province or colony |
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