Infectious Coryza

•Swollen face with oculonasal discharge
•Conjunctivitis – eyelids may close

Infectious Coryza

•Acute catarrhal inflammation of the nasal passages and sinuses
•Conjunctivitis + subcutaneous oedema of the face
•One or both infraorbital sinuses may be distended with exudate - cheesy

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

BIRD ON LEFT

•Gasping + laboured breathing -> cyanotic comb
•No gurgling noises – may be a whistle
•Depression
•diarrhoea?
•Conjunctivitis
•Metastasis

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

• Mycotic lesion attached to conjunctiva

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

• CNS lesions - inability to stand straight & walk - falling over, doing somersaults etc. Visible during severe outbreaks.

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

• Mycotic lesion attached to palpebrae

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

• Egg from hatchery w fungus growing inside

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

• Squash (fresh) preparation of hyphae

Diagnosis
1.Signs + lesions
2.Demonstration of hyphae
•Fresh preparations
•Histological sections
3.Culture common contaminate

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

Older bird w substantial lesions

1.Nodules + plaques in lungs, air sacs, trachea
2.Mycelial growth with sporulation in air sacs
3.Metastatic Foci in brain, eye, etc.
4.Cheesy material in conjunctival sac
5.Hyphae with microscopic examination

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

ABNORMAL BRAIN ON LEFT(hypoplastic)
1.Nodules + plaques in lungs, air sacs, trachea
2.Mycelial growth with sporulation in air sacs
3.Metastatic Foci in brain, eye, etc.
4.Cheesy material in conjunctival sac
5.Hyphae with microscopic examination

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

 
1.Nodules + plaques in lungs, air sacs, trachea
2.Mycelial growth with sporulation in air sacs
3.Metastatic Foci in brain, eye, etc.
4.Cheesy material in conjunctival sac
5.Hyphae with microscopic examination

Aspergillus fumigatus - other species & genera

 
1.Nodules + plaques in lungs, air sacs, trachea
2.Mycelial growth with sporulation in air sacs
3.Metastatic Foci in brain, eye, etc.
4.Cheesy material in conjunctival sac
5.Hyphae with microscopic examination

Fowl Pox

A.Cutaneous Form
•Local areas of inflammation
•Unfeathered skin, comb, wattles
•Small white nodules that increase in size, yellow -> rough -> dark
•Inflammation at the base of the lesion + eventually covered by a scab

Fowl Pox

• Hyperplasia of the epithelium + enlargement of cells

•Eosinophilic A – type cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (Bollinger bodies)

Fowl Pox

Reminiscent of ILT

B. Diphtheritic lesions
•Raised white to yellow plaques on the mucous membranes
•Sinuses, pharynx, trachea, oesophagus
•Tracheal plugs

One (A) -> inappetence, other (B) -> difficult breathing

Mycoplasma gallisepticum

Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection affects cilia w erosion of respiratory tract

Respiratory Disease Complex

1.Upper Respiratory System
-Progressive inflammatory changes (mucoid -> haemorrhagic)
-Larynx, trachea, nasal cleft, infra orbital sinuses

2.Lower Respiratory System
-Airsacculitis – progressive inflammatory changes

Respiratory Disease Complex requires...

1. Specific infectious agents (pathogens) e.g. viruses dt vaccination reactions (IB, ND, ILT) or wild viral challenges (IB, ND, ILT, FP, Adenovirus), mycoplasma (MG, MS, MM), bacteria (coryza, cholera) & fungal (aspergillosis)
2. Immunosuppressive agents (IBA, CIA, MD, leukosis, REV, mycotoxins)
3. Environmental stresses (cs -> immunosuppression) e.g. noxious gases (ammonia 20 – 50 ppm, carbon monoxide), dust (overload cilia), temperature (panting, immunosuppression), humidity (heat stress, immunosuppression)
4. 2o bacterial infection (E. coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococci, Streptococci, Bordetella)

Respiratory Disease Complex

1.Upper Respiratory System
-Progressive inflammatory changes (mucoid -> haemorrhagic)
-Larynx, trachea, nasal cleft, infra orbital sinuses

2.Lower Respiratory System
-Airsacculitis – progressive inflammatory changes

Image shows exudate

Respiratory Disease Complex

1.Upper Respiratory System
-Progressive inflammatory changes (mucoid -> haemorrhagic)
-Larynx, trachea, nasal cleft, infra orbital sinuses

2.Lower Respiratory System
-Airsacculitis – progressive inflammatory changes

Image shows thickened exudate causing opaque air sac

Respiratory Disease Complex

3. Later stages – Colibacillosis
•Perihepatitis
•Pericarditis

Pericardial sac full of exudate
•Peritonitis
•Oesteomyelitis
(Fibrin deposits)

Respiratory Disease Complex

3. Later stages – Colibacillosis
•Perihepatitis
Proteinaceous tags adhering to liver

•Pericarditis
•Peritonitis
•Oesteomyelitis
(Fibrin deposits)

Respiratory Disease Complex

3. Later stages – Colibacillosis
•Perihepatitis
•Pericarditis
•Peritonitis
•Oesteomyelitis
(Fibrin deposits)

Respiratory Disease Complex

3. Later stages – Colibacillosis
•Perihepatitis
•Pericarditis
•Peritonitis
•Osteomyelitis

Normal head of the femur on the LEFT; as it is disarticulated, it shatters
(Fibrin deposits)

Respiratory Disease Complex

1.Upper Respiratory System
-Progressive inflammatory changes (mucoid -> haemorrhagic)
-Larynx, trachea, nasal cleft, infra orbital sinuses

2.Lower Respiratory System
-Airsacculitis – progressive inflammatory changes