Term
| Federal Government agency responsible for regulation of disease |
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Definition
| United States Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) |
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Term
| Service of the USDA responsible for regulating animal diseases |
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Definition
| Veterinary Services (VS) of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial etiology of Brucellosis |
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Term
| Target system of Brucellosis |
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Definition
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Term
| Susceptible species of Brucellosis |
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Definition
| Cattle (mc), bison, buffalo, goats, sheep, etc...zoonotic! |
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Term
| Clinical signs of Brucellosis |
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Definition
Females - abortion, infertility, weak calves, retained placenta, poor milk production
Males - orchitis, epididymitis
Both - Wt. loss, occ. arthritis |
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Term
| Transmission of Brucellosis |
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Definition
| Direct contact w/ infected animals or contaminated food/water, shed in repro secretions, acquired through ingestion or open wounds |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Vaccinated for Brucellosis |
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Definition
| ONLY replacement heifers 4-12 mos (4-6 mos avg.) |
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Term
| Identification for Brucellosis vaccinates |
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Definition
One form of permanent ID - orange ear tag
Brucellosis Tattoo - Rt ear |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by Mycobacterium spp, M. bovis can infect all warm blood vertebrates |
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Term
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Definition
| Respiratory and lymphatic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Respiratory secretions primarily, milk, inhalation or ingestion by other animals including humans |
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Term
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Definition
| INTRAdermal tb test, recheck for reaction in 72 hrs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by a lentivirus, only equines affected |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Acute - mild (fever) to severe (anemia)
Chronic - periodic fever, wt loss, lethargy, anemia
Unapparent carriers - none |
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Term
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Definition
| biting insects (horse flies, deer flies), fomites, blood transfusions, transplacental |
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Term
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Definition
| AGID is "gold standard", ELISA also available, but can have false positives |
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Term
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Definition
| Pseudorabies virus(PRV) - herpes virus, affects swine, occ. cattle, horses, dogs, cats, sheep, goats, etc. Not zoonotic. |
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Term
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Definition
| CNS in young piglets, respiratory in nursery pigs, repro in sows |
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Term
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Definition
| Highly contagious! Direct contact, fomites, aerosolization, latent infections occur |
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Term
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Definition
| ELISA or LA test - require large samples |
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Term
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Definition
| Available, but is regulated and only used in specific circumstances of herd and individual state |
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Term
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Definition
Cow - 285 d (7-10 d less for first time heifers)
Mare - 340 d (going over is BAD)
Ewe/Doe - 150 d
Sow - 114 d (3mo, 3wk, 3d) |
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Term
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Definition
| Restless, isolation, vaginal discharge, kicking at abdomen, kicking at abdomen, raising tail, "melting vulva", bagging up - usually lasts 2-6 hrs |
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Term
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Definition
| Rupturing of the amniotic sac marks start of 2nd stage, abdominal contractions, expulsion of fetus - should be complete in 2 hrs or less |
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Term
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Definition
| expulsion of placenta, should occur in ~8 hrs avg (horses 30 min, cattle can go up to 12 hrs.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Amnion, Allantois, Chorion |
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Term
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Definition
| Portion that connects mother to offspring in cattle |
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Term
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Definition
| The connection between mother and offspring in horses |
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Term
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Definition
| Difficulty w/ parturition |
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Term
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Definition
| Presentation, Position, Posture |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the fetus entering birth canal |
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Term
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Definition
| The relation of the dorsum or head (if transverse) of the calf to the dams pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| Relation of the extremities to the rest of the body. |
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Term
| Maternal causes of dystocia |
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Definition
| Birth canal size too small, uterine inertia, inadequate dilation |
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Term
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Definition
| Calf too larg, calf in wrong position,calf is dead |
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Term
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Definition
| Anterior/longitudinal, Dorso-sacral, legs extended |
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Term
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Definition
| calf backwards, back legs forward w/ hocks locked on pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| Manipulation of the fetus |
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Term
| Four directions of mutation |
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Definition
Repulsion - pushing back in
Rotation - around spinal axis
Version - end for end (for transverse)
Extension - for adjustment of extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| named for view from the rear - 75% are counterclockwise |
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Term
| Uterine torsion treatment |
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Definition
Rotate the uterus per vagina w/ swinging action in opposite direction of torsion
Use a detorsion rod
Plank in the flank - roll the cow in direction of torsion
C-section |
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Term
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Definition
| If not out in 12 hrs (sooner w/ horses), normally placenta should be passed w/in 8 hrs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Usually occurs post-partum, large organ w/ carnucles |
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Term
| Uterine Prolapse treatment |
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Definition
| Replace, Anti-inflammatory (NSAID), Utering infusion, Oxytocin, parenteral antibiotics |
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Term
| Retained Placenta treatment |
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Definition
| Oxytocin w/in 12 hrs (not after), Lutalyse or Estrogen, VitE/Selenium, may use gentle traction and may do a uterine infusion of Antibiotics |
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Term
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Definition
| Pre-partum problem, smooth structure - not emergency, suture closed or retainer |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by pressure on the obturator nerve during calving, 50/50 shot of recovery |
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