Term
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Definition
Transport blood away from the heart
Carry oxygen-rich blood in the systemic circuit
Carry oxygen-poor blood in the pulmonary circuit and umbilical arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| Location of gas and nutrient exchange between vessels and tissues |
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Term
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Definition
Transport blood towards the heart
Carry oxygen-poor blood in the systemic circuit
Carry oxygen-rich blood in the pulmonary circuit and umbilical vein |
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Term
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Definition
| simple squamous endothelium |
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Term
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Definition
Circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers
Location of vasodilation and vasoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
Outermost layer
Collagen and elastic fibers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
only tunica intima
-allow rapid gas exchange |
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Term
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Definition
-thickest tunica externa
-smaller tunica media than arteries |
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Term
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Definition
“Conducting arteries”
Between heart and muscular arteries
High elastin content allows arteries to stretch and dampen surges and reduce blood pressure resulting from contractions of heart
Aorta and its major branches
Brachiocephalic, common carotid, subclavian, common iliac arteries, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
“Distributing arteries”
Distribute blood to the body organs and tissues
Thick tunica media
Actively changes diameter of lumen to regulate amount of blood flow to the tissues
Most of the named arteries seen in lab
Brachial, coronary, inferior mesenteric arteries, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Smallest arteries
Lead to the capillary beds
Diameter regulated by:
Local tissue factors
Sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
“Functional units” of the cardiovascular system
Gas, nutrient or waste exchange between blood and tissues
Smallest vessels
Endothelium only
Capillary bed
Network of capillaries that run throughout body tissues
Flow control: precapillary sphincter
Bypass: Thoroughfare channel
Three Types
Continuous
Fenestrated
Sinusoid |
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Term
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Definition
Most common type
Muscle, skin, thymus, lungs, and the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Small intestine, most endocrine glands, kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
| bone marrow, spleen, liver |
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Term
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Definition
Smallest veins
Primary location of diapedesis
Venules join to form veins |
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Term
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Definition
Return blood to the heart
Act as blood reservoir
Walls of veins are thinner than those of comparable arteries
Low blood pressure in veins
Most veins contain valves
Valves prevent backflow of blood
Skeletal muscle contractions help pump blood toward the heart |
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Term
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Definition
Dysfunctional valves leads to blood pooling in the superficial limb veins
Result of genetic predisposition, aging, or strain that inhibits venous return |
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Term
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Definition
Varicose veins of the anorectal region
Caused by increased intra-abdominal pressure
Bowel movement, childbirth |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Become the medial umbilical ligaments after birth |
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Term
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Definition
| Becomes round ligament of liver or ligamentum teres |
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Term
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Definition
Diverts blood from the liver
Becomes the ligamentum venosum after birth |
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Term
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Definition
Diverts blood from the right atrium to the left atrium
Bypassing the immature lungs
Becomes the fossa ovalis after birth |
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Term
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Definition
Diverts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aortic arch
Bypassing the immature lungs
Becomes the ligamentum arteriosum after birth |
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Term
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Definition
| Ductus arteriosus stays open after birth |
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Term
| blood pressure is measured with |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
120/80
systolic/diastolic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Linked to over 50% of all deaths in the US
Progressive disease of the elastic and muscular arteries
Aorta and coronary arteries most affected
Atheroma (fatty plaque)
Thickening of the tunica intima
Narrowing of arterial lumen |
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Term
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Definition
a stroke
cause- blockage of a brain blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| a blood clot that forms within the brain blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| a blood clot formed in another blood vessel that migrates to the brain |
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