Term
|
Definition
- blood filled spaces between two layers of tissue
- the venous sinus most important to dental professionals is the cavernous venous sinus- located on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- a thrombus is a blood clot in an intact blood vessel
- A thrombus in a large blood vessel will decrease blood flow through that vessel
- . In a small blood vessel, blood flow may be completely cut-off resulting in death of tissue supplied by that vessel.
- A thrombus is physiologic in cases of injury, but pathologic in case of thrombosis
- If a thrombus dislodges and becomes free-floating, it is an embolus.[image]
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- an embolism occurs when an object (the embolus) migrates from one part of the bodycirculation and causes a blockage of a blood vessel in another part of the body
- This is in contrast with a thrombus, or clot, which forms at the blockage point within a blood vessel and is not carried from somewhere else[image]
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- the presence of bacteria in the blood.
- The blood is normally a sterile environment, so the detection of bacteria in the blood is always abnormal
- Bacteremia can have several consequences. The immune response to the bacteria can cause sepsis (blood poisoning) and septic shock, which has a relatively high mortality rate. Bacteria can also use the blood to spread to other parts of the body (which is called hematogenous spread), causing infections away from the original site of infection. Examples include endocarditis or osteomyelitis. Treatment is with antibiotics, and prevention with antibiotic prophylaxis can be given in situations where problems are to be expected.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a seriously traumatized blood vessel can loose large amounts of blood into the surrounding tissue with out clotting, causing a hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- occurs when a blood vessel is injured and a small amount of the blood escapes into the surrounding tissue and then clots
- causes tenderness, swelling, and discoloratin that will last until the blood is broken down by the body
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| If the external portion of the ear suffers a blow, a blood clot or other fluid may collect under the perichondrium. This separates the cartilage from the overlying perichondrium that is its source of nutrients, causing the cartilage to die. This leads to a formation of fibrous tissue in the overlying skin. When this happens, the outer ear becomes permanently swollen and deformed, thus resembling a cauliflower. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a localized, blood-filled dilation (balloon-like bulge) of a blood vessel caused by disease or weakening of the vessel wall. Aneurysms most commonly occur in arteries at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis) and in the aorta (the main artery coming out of the heart), a so-called aortic aneurysm. The bulge in a blood vessel can burst and lead to death at any time. The larger an aneurysm becomes, the more likely it is to burst and since aneurysms naturally grow, given enough time they will inevitably reach the bursting point if undetected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Angiography or arteriography is a medical imaging technique in which an X-ray image is taken to visualize the inside, or lumen, of blood vessels and organs of the body, with particular interest in the arteries, veins and the heart chambers. [image] |
|
|
Term
which veins drain the dentition? What arteries are associated with those veins? |
|
Definition
- the posterior alveolar vein drains the pulp and periodontium of ALL maxillary teeth
- associated with the PSA artery
- the inferior alveolar vein drains the pulp and perdontium of ALL the mandibular teeth
- associated with the inferior alveolar artery
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a medical imaging method employing tomography. Digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the inside of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation. - also known as a cat scan[image]
|
|
|
Term
| which veins form the retomandibular vein? |
|
Definition
- the superficial temporal and the maxillary veins merge to form the retromandibular vein
- forms the external jugular vein at one point
- emerges from the parotid salivary gland
|
|
|
Term
| which vein in the head contains valves? |
|
Definition
the external jugular - origionates from the posterior division of the retromandibular vein
- terminates at the subclavian vein
|
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus |
|
Definition
| a thrombus is a clot, and an embolus is a traveling clot |
|
|
Term
| in what ways could a dental hygiene procedure cause bactermia? |
|
Definition
if any of the major blood vessels are punctured bacteria could be spread to the blood stream and travel to vital organs - infection to the venous sinuses could be fatal
- the pterygoid plexus is near the maxillary tuberosity and communicates with the cavernous venous sinus- therefore if a needle were to puncture and spread bacteria into the pterygoid plexus it could travel to the cavernous venous sinus
|
|
|
