Term
| Responsible for 90% of UTIs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Infection of the bladder wall
Symptoms: Urinary frequency and urgency, dysuria, suprapubic pain and tenderness
Bacteria and WBCs are common in urine
Urine is malodorous |
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Term
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Definition
An infection of the kidney and renal pelvis
Most commonly follows a bladder infection
WBCs, cellular casts, bacteria, and protein appear in the urine |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the urethra usually due to bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the glomeruli in the nephrons, glomerular capillary becomes leaky, plasma proteins and blood cells are excreted in the urine |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the prostate gland, often an extension of cystitis or urethritis, often follows catheterization |
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Term
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Definition
| Mobile genetic elements that link the virulence factor of UTI causing bacteria into multigene segments which code for virulence proteins |
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Term
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Definition
Gram negative rod, facultative anaerobe, adheres to mucosa via pili, LPS endotoxin causes inflammation
P-pilli allows bacteria to bind to P blood group antigens on urinary tract cells
Type I pilli allows bacteria to bind to bladder, epithelium, and glycoproteins
Treated with penicillin and ciprofloxacin |
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Term
| Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis |
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Definition
Gram neg rods, facultative anaerobes
Opportunistic pathogens transmitted via catheters
Urea positive, highly motile, swarms across agar media
2nd most common cause of UTIs
Urease activity raises pH, precipitates calculi
Treated with broad spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins |
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Term
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Definition
Gram pos cocci
Is NITRITE NEGATIVE, catalase and coagulase positive, resistant to novobiocin
Causes "honeymoon cystitis" |
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Term
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Definition
Normal GI flora, causes endocarditis, cystitis, and wound infections
Grown on blood agar or bile-esculin agar (black discoloration)
Catalase negative
Treated with amoxicillin, ampicillin, or vancomycin |
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Term
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Definition
Gram neg, rods forming large mucoid colonies
K-antigen protects from phagocytosis, aids in adherence
Opportunistic, causes UTIs, lower respiratory tract, biliary tract, and wound infection
Treat with cephalosporins |
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