Term
| the period of the pendulum |
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Definition
| The time for one oscillation is called |
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Term
| what is another way of expressing the periodic motion of the pendulum |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the number of oscillations of a sound wave per second |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The relationship between time and frequency in mathematical terms is given by the equation |
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Definition
f = 1/T
where T is the period of the oscillation and f is the frequency |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the highest points of the wavelength |
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Term
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Definition
| distance between center of wave and both peaks and troughs |
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Term
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Definition
| the lowest points of the wavelength |
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Term
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Definition
| from the middle of one side of the wave the wave to the middle of the other side containing one peak and one trough |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| amplitude of the wave is measured from |
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Definition
| the peak (or trough) to the mid-point |
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Term
| Amplitude can be defined as |
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Definition
| "the maximum displacement from the average position." |
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Term
| "the maximum displacement from the average position." |
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Definition
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Term
| Amplitude is a measure of |
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Definition
| how much energy the wave has |
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Term
| The wavelength defination |
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Definition
| is the distance between two peaks or between two troughs |
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Term
| Wavelength can be defined as |
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Definition
| as "the distance the wave has traveled during one complete cycle." |
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Term
λ (Greek lambda) is the symbol for
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Definition
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Term
| Wavelength is given the symbol |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Velocity = frequency X wavelength |
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Term
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Definition
| Frequency= Velocity/ wavelength |
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Term
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Definition
| wavelength = velocity/ Frequency |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Ultrasonics is the study of |
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Definition
| very high frequency sound waves which cannot be heard by human ear and have a frequency above 20,000 Hz. |
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Term
| The audible range for human beings is |
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Definition
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Term
| propagation of mechanical vibration through a medium |
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Definition
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Term
| can sound travel through a vacuum |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| propagation of mechanical vibration through a medium, it can not travel through a vacuum |
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Term
| several types of sound waves that travel through solids |
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Definition
Longitudinal Waves/Compression Waves
Shear Waves/Transverse Waves
Lamb Waves/Plate Waves
Surface Waves/Rayleigh Waves |
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Term
| how many kinds of waves travel through solids |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 4 kinds of waves that travel through solids |
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Definition
Longitudinal Waves/ Compression Waves
Shear Waves/ Transverse Waves
Lamb Waves /Plate Waves
Surface Waves /Rayleigh Waves |
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Term
| Properties of Longitudinal Waves |
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Definition
Travels in all medium
Maximum velocity
Particles vibrate parallel to wave direction
Has maximum penetration power
Least attenuation
Used in immersion testing
Used mainly for straight beam inspection
for detection of lamellar flaws |
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Term
| Properties of Shear Waves |
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Definition
Travels only in solids
Particles vibrate perpendicular to wave direction
Has the maximum sensitivity
Shear waves are produced when the incident angle is greater then the first critical angle.
Used to detect obliquely oriented flaws
Mainly used in weld inspection
Velocity is approximately half of longitudinal waves. |
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Term
| Properties of Surface Waves |
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Definition
Particle Vibration: Elliptical Motion
Maximum depth of penetration: 1
Cannot negotiate a sharp edge
If the surface has substances like grease, oil etc. surface wave gets easily dampened.
Is generated by angulating the incident angle at the second critical angle.
Very sensitive to surface flaws
Velocity of surface wave is approximately 0.9 times of that of shear wave. |
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Term
| Properties of Plate/Lamb Waves |
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Definition
Can travel only in very thin material
Propagation of lamb waves depends on density, elasticity, and material properties of a component,
they are influenced by a great deal by selected frequency and material thickness.
a number of modes of particle vibration are possible, but the two most common are symmetrical and asymmetrical. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Factors Affecting Velocity |
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Definition
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Term
| symbol for Acoustic Impedance |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sound travels through materials under the influence of sound pressure. Because molecules or atoms of a solid are bound elastically to one another, the excess pressure results in a wave propagating through the solid. |
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Term
| Acoustic Impedance formula |
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Definition
The acoustic impedance (Z) of a material is defined as
the product of density (p)
and acoustic velocity (V) of that material
acustic impedance= density X Velocity
Z = ρ x v |
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Term
| Acoustic impedance is important in |
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Definition
the determination of acoustic transmission and reflection at the boundary of two materials having different acoustic impedance.
the design of ultrasonic transducers.
assessing absorption of sound in a medium. |
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Term
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Definition
| The reflected energy is the square of the difference divided by the sum of the acoustic impedances of the two materials. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ultrasonic waves are reflected at boundaries where there are differences in acoustic impedance, Z. |
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Term
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Definition
Increases the pulse voltage: generally fixed 100 – 200 V
Amplification at the receiver
Receiver tuned to transducer frequency
Generally high PRF increases screen brightness, but if it is too high then it will generate phantom or ghost echoes.
Also, the higher the material thickness, the lower the PRF should be.
Increasing the pulse length improves penetration.
Also the use of the reject setting may alter the vertical linearity of the amplifier. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
To Measure thickness, depth, metal path, etc.
Multiple Gates can be used
Gate reference can be initial pulse or Interface echo (IF)
IF gate is used in immersion testing
Alarm gates used in automated testing |
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Term
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Definition
| Start can be reference to Initial Pulse or Interface echo |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Used for Corrosion Mapping
Used for Immersion Testing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relationship between the speed of scanning and PRF? |
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Definition
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Term
| The primary purpose of reference block is |
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Definition
| to provide a means for adjusting the instrument in order to evaluate discontinuities which could be harmful to the proper function of the work piece |
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Term
| this provides a means for adjusting the instrument in order to evaluate discontinuities which could be harmful to the proper function of the work piece |
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Definition
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Term
| Miniature Angle-Beam or ROMPAS Calibration Block |
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Definition
The miniature angle-beam is a calibration block that was designed for the US Air Force for use in the field for instrument calibration.
The block is much smaller and lighter than the IIW block but performs many of the same functions. The miniature angle-beam block can be used to check the beam angle and exit point of the transducer.
The block can also be used to make metal-distance and sensitivity calibrations for both angle and normal-beam inspection setups. |
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Term
| The miniature angle-beam is a calibration block that was designed for |
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Definition
| the US Air Force for use in the field for instrument calibration. |
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Term
| The block is much smaller and lighter than the IIW block but performs many of the same functions. |
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Definition
| Miniature Angle-Beam or ROMPAS Calibration Block |
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Term
| The block can also be used to make metal-distance and sensitivity calibrations for both angle and normal-beam inspection setups. |
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Definition
| Miniature Angle-Beam or ROMPAS Calibration Block |
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Term
| Shearwave Distance/Sensitivity Calibration (DSC) Block |
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Definition
closely resembles the miniature angle-beam block and is used in a similar way
This block is used to determine the beam exit point and refracted angle of angle-beam transducers
and to calibrate distance and set the sensitivity for both normal and angle beam inspection setups.
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Term
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Definition
| Distance/Sensitivity Calibration block |
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Term
| A block that closely resembles the miniature angle-beam block and is used in a similar way |
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Definition
| AWS Shearwave Distance/Sensitivity Calibration (DSC) Block |
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Term
This block is used to determine the beam exit point
and refracted angle of angle-beam transducers
and to calibrate distance and set the sensitivity for both normal and angle beam inspection setups. |
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Definition
| Shearwave Distance/Sensitivity Calibration (DSC) Block |
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Term
| AWS Shearwave Distance/Sensitivity Calibration (DSC) Block is used for |
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Definition
determine the beam exit point and refracted angle of angle-beam transducers
and to calibrate distance
and set the sensitivity for both normal and angle beam inspection setups |
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Term
| Shearwave Distance/Sensitivity Calibration Block AKA: |
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Definition
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Term
| Instructions on using the DSC block can be found in the |
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Definition
| annex of American Society for Testing and Materials Standard E164, Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Contact Examination of Weldments. |
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Term
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Definition
| determine the resolution of angle beam transducers per the requirements of AWS Engraved Index markers are provided for 45, 60, and 70 degree refracted angle beams. |
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Term
| Resolution Calibration (RC) Block |
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Definition
The RC Block is used to determine the resolution of angle beam transducers
per the requirements of AWS
Engraved Index markers are provided for 45, 60, and 70 degree refracted angle beams. |
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Term
this block is used to determine the resolution of angle beam transducers
per the requirements of AWS Engraved Index markers are provided for
45, 60, and 70 degree refracted angle beams. |
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Definition
| Resolution Calibration (RC) Block |
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Term
|
Definition
| AWS Resolution CAlibration Block |
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Term
| have a constant taper over the desired thickness range. |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| have a constant taper over the desired thickness range. |
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Term
| Step and Tapered Calibration Wedges |
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Definition
| Step and tapered calibration wedges come in a large variety of sizes and configurations. Step wedges are typically manufactured with four or five steps but custom wedges can be obtained with any number of steps. Tapered wedges have a constant taper over the desired thickness range. |
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Term
| how many steps do step wedges typically have |
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Definition
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Term
| Distance/Area-Amplitude Blocks |
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Definition
Distance/area amplitude correction blocks typically are purchased as a ten-block set, as shown above. Aluminum sets are manufactured per the requirements of ASTM E127 and steel sets per ASTM E428. Sets can also be purchased in titanium. Each block contains a single flat-bottomed, plugged hole. The hole sizes and metal path distances are as follows:
3/64" at 3"
5/64" at 1/8", 1/4", 1/2", 3/4", 11/2", 3", and 6"
8/64" at 3" and 6" |
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Term
| how many Distance/area amplitude correction blocks typically in a set |
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Definition
10
they typically come as a ten-block set |
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Term
| Aluminum sets of Distance/Area-Amplitude Blocks manufactured per the requirements of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| steel sets of Distance/Area-Amplitude Blocks manufactured per the requirements of |
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Definition
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Term
| Distance/Area-Amplitude Blocks come in these materials |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| what view does c-scan have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What view does B-scan show? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the difrence between sheer and longatudinal waves (pic) |
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Definition
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Term
parts of ut instrument analog
pic |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| what view does A-Scan show |
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Definition
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Term
| ROMPAS Calibration Block AKA |
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Definition
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Term
| Resolution Calibration (RC) Block pic |
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Definition
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Term
| Shearwave DistanceSensitivity Calibration (DSC) Block pic |
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Definition
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Term
| Distance/Area-Amplitude Blocks pic |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| miniture Angle-Beam or ROMPAS cal block |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Step and taperd cal wedges |
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Definition
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