Term
| How many L and R bronchiole arteries? |
|
Definition
2 L off aorta
1 R off aorta, L bronch artery, or post. intercostal! |
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Term
| Relation of pulm artery to bronchus? |
|
Definition
RALS
Right anterior
Left superior |
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Term
| Causes of pulmonary hypertension? |
|
Definition
BLAST My Cop(d)
BMPR2 mutation
L to R shunt
Autoimmune
Sleep apnea
Thromboemboli
Mitral valve stenosis
COPD |
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|
Term
|
Definition
PAO2 = 150 - 1.25*PaCO2
(assuming sea level) |
|
|
Term
Haldane effect?
Bohr effect? |
|
Definition
Haldane: In lungs, oxygenation of Hb promotes H+ dissociation and formation of CO2.
Bohr: In tissue, high H+ promotes O2 unloading (right shift of oxygen saturation curve). |
|
|
Term
PFTs:
Normal?
Obstructive?
Restrictive? |
|
Definition
Normal: FEV1/FVC = 80%
Obstr: FEV1/FVC < 80% (usually < 70%), increased TLC
Restr: FEV1/FVC > 80%, decreased TLC |
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Term
|
Definition
Pressure is proportionate to Surface Tension/Radius.
With fixed surface tension, smaller alveoli will have higher pressure, expelling air into larger alveoli and collapsing. Surfactant is necessary to decrease surface tension as radius decreases. |
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Term
|
Definition
| non-ciliated, secretory constituents of terminal resp. epithelium. Secrete clara cell secretory protein (CCSP), which inhibits PMN recruitment and activation. |
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Term
| What is the intrapleural pressure? |
|
Definition
| Varies b/n -5 at FRC and -8 at full inhalation. |
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Term
Lung particle clearance:
10-15um?
2.5-10um?
<2um? |
|
Definition
10-15um: trapped in upper resp. tract
2.5-10: mucociliary transport
<2: phagocytosis |
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|
Term
Greater at apex or base of lungs?
Ventilation?
Perfusion?
V/Q? |
|
Definition
Ventilation greater at base
Perfusion greater at base
V/Q greater at apex: *perfusion increases from apex to base much more than ventilation does! |
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