Term
| the other name of the hip bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. illium, 2. ischium, 3. pubis |
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|
Term
| what forms the slope of the pelvis? |
|
Definition
| line to the tuber coxae to the ischiatic tuberocity |
|
|
Term
| what clinical significance does the slope of the pelvis have? |
|
Definition
the prominace of the trochanter of the femur lies along the line
fracture or dislocation: will move the prominace off the line |
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|
Term
| muscle associated with the pelvis that has 2 parts |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the 2 parts of the internal obturator muscle |
|
Definition
1. illiac portion: along shaft of illium
2. ischiopubic portion: along ischium and pubis |
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|
Term
| boundaries of the pelvic inlet |
|
Definition
dorsal: sacrum
ventral: cranial edge of pubis
Lateral: arcuate line of illium |
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|
Term
| external muscle associated with the pelvis |
|
Definition
| external obturator muscle |
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|
Term
| muscle associated with pelvis that has the internal obturator tendon sitting on top |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the conjugate diameter of the pelvic inlet? |
|
Definition
| the dorsal to ventral length (sacrum to pubis) |
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|
Term
| what is the transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet? |
|
Definition
| the width (lateral to lateral) measured to each edge of illium |
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|
Term
|
Definition
dorsal: 1st 3 caudal vertebrae
ventral: ischiatic arch
lateral: broad sacrotuberal ligament (covers entire lateral wall) |
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|
Term
| features of the sacrum vertebrae |
|
Definition
there are 5 vertebrae that are fused together
1st caudal vertebrae can fuse in older horses and cause a triangular shape |
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|
Term
| the ventral bulge on S1 that is used in palpation to recognize the pelvic inlet |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the parts of the sacral crest of the sacrum |
|
Definition
median: form crest through fusion of sacrum
left/right lateral: lateral ridge formed by fusion of transverse processes on R/L sides |
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|
Term
| what is the significance of the dorsal and ventral intervertebral foramina? |
|
Definition
| the sacral and caudal nerves and blood vessels exit here |
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|
Term
| why are the foramina in dorsal and ventral positions rather than lateral? |
|
Definition
| due to the fusion of the bones |
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|
Term
| the canal that passes through the interconnected vertebrae-where you will find the terminal end of the spinal chord |
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Definition
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|
Term
| blind sacs of peritoneum as it invaginates to the pelvic cavity and surrounds what is in it |
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Definition
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|
Term
| peritoneal pouch between the rectum and genital organs |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the peritoneal pouch between bladder and uterus/genital fold |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| peritoneal pouch between pubis and bladder |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the ends of the kidney (toward head or tail) that is lined by fat capsule |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| more cranial, T16, T17, T18, L1 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| more caudal, T18, L1, L2, L3 |
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|
Term
| depresion of kidney where structures enter or leave |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| space filled with fat, found in hilus |
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Definition
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|
Term
| dialated proximal end of ureter-funnel shaped |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| allow urine to draine from cranial and caudal poles-tubular extension of renal pelvis to the poles |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| projection of medullary tissue dorsal to renal pelvis |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| artery that comes off aorta and goes directly to the pole-NOT hilus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a normal finding in horse urine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| found near the cranial pole of the kidney-has capsue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how can you distinguish the adrenal gland from a lymphnode? |
|
Definition
| presence of a cortex and a medulla |
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|
Term
| ligaments that attach bladder to lateral walls |
|
Definition
| left and right lateral ligaments |
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|
Term
| chord like structure at edge of lateral ligaments |
|
Definition
| round ligament of the bladder (umbilical a. of fetus) |
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|
Term
| ligament that divides pubovisical pouch into right and left halves |
|
Definition
| medial ligament of the bladder |
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|
Term
| describe a patent urachus |
|
Definition
| there is connection of the bladder to the umbilical stalk at the apex of the bladder. this may remain open (not regress) and can cause urine to dribble out of the belly button |
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|
Term
| name the bladder components |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the dorsal aspect of the bladder where neck and urethra join-defined where ureters open into the bladder |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the opening of the urethra at the level of the trigone-urine goes from bladder to the urethra |
|
Definition
| internal urethral orifice |
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|
Term
| opening of urethra that allows urine to pass out of animal |
|
Definition
| external urethral orifice |
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|
Term
| tube that takes urine from kidney to bladder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the ureters run with? |
|
Definition
male: with genital fold
female: with ligament of uterus |
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|
Term
| artery that comes from aorta or external iliac artery, has cranial and caudal branches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| artery that is located at about L4 or L5 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| termination of the aorta by the branching of the artery at about L5 or L6 |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what artery is absent in the horse but present in the dog |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lymphnodes around aorta at origin of deep circumflex iliac artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the medial iliac lymphnode drain? |
|
Definition
| pelvic structures and testes |
|
|
Term
| lymphnodes that are located where deep circumflex splits into branches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the lateral iliac lymphnode drain? |
|
Definition
flank, thigh
receives drainage from: subiliac LN |
|
|
Term
| prepubic structure with thin skin, some hair, some glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where the two halves of the scrotum come together |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the layers of the scrotum from outside in |
|
Definition
| 1. skin, 2. tunica dartos, 3. scrotal facia, 4. parietal vaginal tunic, 5. inside vaginal cavity |
|
|
Term
| what is the orientation of the testies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when one or both testicles are retained |
|
|
Term
| the outer covering of the testes that is part of the peritoneum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the inner layer of tunic around the testies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| strong CT capsule over organ paranchyma, holds paranchyma of organ with pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the structure on the lateral surface of the testies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the parts of the epididymis |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the musculocavernous structure surrounded by tunica albuginea |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the part of the penis formed by the left and right crus-cavernous tissue |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the majority of the penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the free distal end of the penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the dorsal component of the penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the parts of the corpus cavernosum penis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the muscle that covers crus on right and left sides at the root |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| dialated area of erectile tissue that starts at the bulb-surrounds urethra |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| part of the penis between the left and right crus-travels along body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the muslce that surrounds the corpus spongiosum penis |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the continuation of the corpus spongiosum penis into the glans region |
|
Definition
| corpus spongiosum glandis |
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|
Term
| the components of the glans |
|
Definition
| 1. dorsal process, 2. corona glandis, 3. urethral process, 4. fossa glandis, 5. urethral sinus |
|
|
Term
| what is odd about the prepuce folds in the horse? |
|
Definition
| there are 2, there was only 1 in the dog |
|
|
Term
| what are the folds of the prepuce? |
|
Definition
external: folds around outter area (skin fold)
internal: folds around the glans |
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|
Term
| the opening of the external fold of the prepuce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the opening of the internal fold of the prepuce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the accumulation of dead cells and secretions around prepuce |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the gland at the level of the ishial arch, has 6-8 exretory ducts along midline |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| gland that has left and right lobe, 15-20 ducts opens lateral to colliculous seminalis |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| gland lateral in the genital fold, empty by excratory ducts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gland medially, thicked distal end of the ductus defrens |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| the common opening of the seminal vesicle and the ampulla, opens on the colliculus seminalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the reflection of peritoneum analogus to the broad ligament of the uterus in the female |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the genital fold encorporate? |
|
Definition
| 1. ductus defrens, 2. ampulla, 3. seminal vesicles, 4. ureters, 5. uterus masculinus |
|
|
Term
| what is the uterus masculinus? |
|
Definition
| male uterus, tubular, between left and right ampulla. during development fetus has male and female parts-part is non-fuctional |
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|
Term
| muslce that covers pelvic portion of the urethra |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muslce that covers the bulbourethral glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muslce that covers ventral protion of penis as it surrounds the corpus spongiosum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muslce that covers the left and right curs of the penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| paired muscle that goes from 1st 2 caudal vertebrae and extends along the midline of the penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the venous return of the penis |
|
Definition
| large venous plexus in inguinal region dorsal to the penis |
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|
Term
| the sympathetic innervation of the penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| parasympathetic contribution of the penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nerve that is the continuation of the pudendal nerve |
|
Definition
| dorsal nerve of the penis |
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|
Term
| nerve of the medial aspect of the thigh and scrotum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nerve from the caudal mesenteric ganglion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lymphnodes that drain the penis and scrotum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lymphnodes that drain testes and epididymis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the infection of the testicles tha tmay enlarge the medial iliac lymphnodes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lymphnodes that drain the thigh |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is inflammation of the stifle that enlarges the lateral iliac lymphnodes called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ligament that suspends the ovary |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ligament that suspends the uterine tube-forms bursa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ligament that suspends the uterus |
|
Definition
| mesometrium-round ligament found here |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| half way between the last rib and the tuber coxae slightly off midline |
|
|
Term
| the concave surface of the ovary where ova is released |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| covex side of the ovary, ovarian artery and vein enter and leave here |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| formed by mesosalpinx, sac around ovary and uterine tube |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| formed by mesosalpinx, sac around ovary and uterine tube |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| formed by mesosalpinx, sac around ovary and uterine tube |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ligament that connects ovary to uterus |
|
Definition
| proper ligament of the ovary |
|
|
Term
| what ligament doesn't exist in the horse that was in the dog? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cystic structures in the mesovarium-stages of early kidney development that did not regress |
|
Definition
| epoophoron or paroophoron |
|
|
Term
| main artery supply to overy |
|
Definition
| ovarian artery-also branches to uterus |
|
|
Term
| associated blood supply to uterus from ovarian artery |
|
Definition
| uterine branch of ovarian artery |
|
|
Term
| the funnel shaped begining of the uterine tube |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| flaps that come off the funnel-grabs eggs and make sure they go to the right place |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| opening close to the overy-enterance to the uterine tube |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| opening of the uterine tube into the uterus-exit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the entrance to the cervix from the uterus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exit from cervix into vagina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the biggest blood supply to the uterus-comes from external iliac and aorta |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uterine artery, uterine branch of the vaginal artery, uterine branch of the ovarian artery |
|
|
Term
| the blind ended pouch at cranial end of vagina-vaginal portion of cervix |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| also known as the hymen, remnent of division of urinary and repro systems, junction of vagina and vestibule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muslce deep to the skin on the lateral aspect of the vestibule |
|
Definition
| constricor vestibuli muslce |
|
|
Term
| erectile tissue in the vestibule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the glands that open on the floor of the vestibule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glands that open on the dorsal lateral wall of vestibule-provide lubrication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the opening of the labium-space between left and right labia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the commissures of the vulva |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| area within the commisures of the vulva |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the sinuses of the clitoral fossa |
|
Definition
| 1. left and right lateral, 2. median |
|
|
Term
| the condition caused by taylorella equingenitalis-lives in sinus of clitoris |
|
Definition
| contagious equine metritis |
|
|
Term
| during estrus, clitoris protrudes in and out of vulva |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muscle immediately under skin, close off vestibule/vulva during sex |
|
Definition
| constrictor vulvae muscle |
|
|
Term
| the groove that passes between left and right halves of the mammary gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the part of the mammary gland with gland substance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spicet attached to the body of the mammary gland-have 2 openings on each |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where milk producing units empty into unit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the dialated storage area in the body of the utter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| milk storage part more in teet area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| canal of the mammary gland-has a good muscular sphincter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| occludes the teat canal-discharges indicate foaling is near |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| teat or papillary orifice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the body wall that closes the pelvic cavity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| superficial boundaries of the perineum |
|
Definition
dorsal: root of the tail
Ventral: male-base of scrotum
female-base of mammary gland
lateral: semimembranosis muscle |
|
|
Term
| deep boundaries of the perineum |
|
Definition
dorsal: caudal vertebrae
ventral: ischial arch
lateral broad sacrotuberal ligament |
|
|
Term
| triangular muslce under tail that originates on ischial spine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muslce that starts on caudal vertebrae and runs along ventral border of penis |
|
Definition
| retractor muscles (both for penis and clitoris) |
|
|
Term
| muscle ventral/lateral to coccygeus, broad and flat that covers wall of rectum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. constrictor vulvi
2. constrictor vestibule |
|
|
Term
| components of the perineal body |
|
Definition
| 1. anal sphincter, 2. muslce that forms wall of rectum, 3. rectovaginal septum, 4. muscle that forms wall of repro tissue |
|
|
Term
| column of tissue between the GI and repro systems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| laceration of the perineal body that causes linear tear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| laceration of the perineal body where a hole is formed during birth |
|
Definition
| rectovaginal fistula-can cause fecal contamination of repro tract |
|
|
Term
| important bony prominences of the hip |
|
Definition
| 1. slope of pelvis, 2. greater trochanter of femur, 3. ischiatic spine |
|
|
Term
| ligament that extends from the tuber sacrale to the lateral sacral crest |
|
Definition
| sacroiliac ligament-dorsal |
|
|
Term
| wide ligament in the horse, goes from lateral sacral crest to the ischiatic spine |
|
Definition
| broad sacrotuberal ligament |
|
|
Term
| the notch that is cranial to the ischiatic spine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| notch that is caudal to ischiatic spine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hole cranial to ischiatic spine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what passes through the greater sciatic foramen? |
|
Definition
| 1. sciatic n, 2. cranial gluteal a. |
|
|
Term
| what passes through the greater sciatic foramen? |
|
Definition
| 1. sciatic n, 2. cranial gluteal a. |
|
|
Term
| what passes through the lesser sciatic foramen? |
|
Definition
| 1. tendon of oberator muscle, 2. internal pudendal shortly |
|
|
Term
| what are the branches of the sciatic nerve? |
|
Definition
| 1. cranial gluteal, 2. caudal gluteal, 3. caudal cutaneous femoral (sensory) |
|
|
Term
| the nerve embedded in the CT of a ligament-turns into dorsal nerve of the penis or clitoris depending on male or female |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nerve that is embedded in the caudal sacral ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the caudal rectal nerve innervate? |
|
Definition
| anal sphincter, coccygeous m., levator ani m. |
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