Term
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Definition
| rate at which a particular substance is cleared from BL |
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Term
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Definition
- UV/P
- P- conc. of subst. in BL plasma
- U- conc. of subst. in urine
- V- urine flow rate ( rate @ which urine is created)
- Ttl. time to clear subst.= P/RC
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Term
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Definition
- Excrete metabolic wastes esp. 3 nitrogen contain compounds
- Urea- most abundant, prod. during aa breakdown
- Creatinine- made by sk. musc. when breakdown creatine phosphate
- Uric Acid- small amts- prod. during RNA breakdown
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Term
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Definition
| determined by secretion & reabsorp. of solutes along tubules |
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Term
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Definition
| depends on the reabsorp. of H2O in which solutes are dissolved |
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Term
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Definition
- Muscular tubes to bladder; 10-12" long
- Lined w/ epithelium, sm. musc., & mucous frm goblet cells
- Peristaltic waves & gravity move urine frm renal pelvis to bladder~ 1-5/min
- No valves or sphin.
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Term
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Definition
- Hollow collapsible organ
- Stores urine
- Full ___~ 1L of urine
- When _____ fills, it compresses opening of the ureters preventing backflow
- Internal & External urethral sphincters
- Voluntary & involuntary ctrl- contraction of sm. musc. expels urine frm ___ thru uretha
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Term
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Definition
| stretches frm bladder to exterior to body |
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Term
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Definition
- Extends to tip of penis
- 7-8" long
- Inital portion is surrounded by prostate gland
- Carries sex cells (sperm) & reprod. secretion frm prostate & other glands
- Smaller in diam. than females
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Term
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Definition
- About 1.5" long
- Tranport urine only
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Term
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Definition
- 200mL (urine) in bladder- urge to urinate
- Stretch receptors in bladder send msb. to brain- cause involuntary contraction of muc.
- Will inc. press. in bladder but need internal & external sphin. relaxed
- Ctrl of external (vol.)- when external sphinc. relaxed, internal spinc. also relax
- If external not relax, internal won't relax & bladder relax (fill continually)
- More urine builds-up & bladder inc. in size. this starts cycle again w/i 1hr
- If it fills up to 500mL, press. forces open internal sphinc.
- Press. on external sphinc.- eventually uncontrollable relaxation & urination will occur
- Afterwards 10mL urine remains
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Term
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Definition
- Failure of RC
- Build-up of urea in BL
- Can lead to septic shock
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Term
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Definition
- Failure of RC
- Build-up of uric acid in BL
- Uric acid crystallizes & deposited into joints
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Term
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Definition
- Kidney stones
- Salts (e.g. Ca+) crystallize in urine
- Impede flow of urine
- Generate pain as scrape urinary tract during passage out of body
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Term
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Definition
- No filtration of BL
- Acute- due to large, sudden loss of BL
- Chronic- nephrons gradually disintegrate
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