Tell me about: Dorsal Scapular Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other tidbits

1) Roots

2) C5

3) Rhomboid Muscles

Levator Scapulae

4) No

5) Dysfunction prevents retraction

Tell me about: Long Thoracic Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other tidbits

1) roots

2)C5, C6, C7

3)serratus Anterior

4) no

5) Injury causes "Winging" with forward flexion.

Travels with long thoracic artery

Tell me about: nerve to subclavious

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Cutaneous Innervation

1) Superior Trunk

2) C5,C6

3) subclavious muscle

4) no

Tell me about: suprascapular nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other tidbits

1) Superior Trunk

2) C5, C6

3) supraspinatus

infraspinatus

4) Sensory: to acromioclavicular and glenohumeral joints to provide proprioception and pain sensation to these shoulder joints.

Cutaneous: no

5) Passes posteriorly through scapular notch

Tell me about: Lateral Pectoral Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Lateral Chord

2) C5, C6, C7

3) Pectoralis Major

4) Sensory: proprioception and pain fibers to the glenohumeral joint

Cutaneous:  No

5) Travels anterior to first part of axillary artery and vein

Tell me about: Musculocutaneous Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Lateral cord

2) C5, C6, C7

3) Corachobrachialis

Brachialis

biceps brachii

4) Sensory/Cutaneous: becomes lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm.  Skin of lateral forearm, sensory to elbow joint

5) Only anterior compartment nerve of arm

Tell me about: Median Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Lateral Root, Median Root

2) C6, C7, C8, T1

3) Flexor Carpi Radialis

Palmaris Longus

Pronators

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

1/2 Flexor digitorum profundus

1st, 2nd lumbricals

Muscles of thenar Eminence

4) Sensory: Radial side of hand, 3 1/2 digits, and palmar surface

Tell me about: medial pectoral n.

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Medial Cord

2) C8, T1

3) Pec. Minor

Pec. major

4) No important sensory function

5) passes b/t axillary artery and vein

Tell me about: Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve

Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Medial Cord

2) C8, T1

3) No Motor Function

4) Skin of Name.

Tell me about: Upper Subscapular

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Post. Cord

2) C5, C6

3) Superior subscapularis

4) No cutaneous representation

5) Dives post. into subscapularis

Tell me about: thoracodorsal n. (middle subscapular n.)

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Post Cord

2) C7, C8

3) Latissimus Dorsi

4) No cutaneous

5) Follows thoracodorsal artery b/t subscapularis muscle and posterior chest wall.

Tell me about: Lower Subscapular

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Post Cord

2) C5, C6

3) teres Major

Subscapularis

4) no cutaneous representation

5) Runs lateral to thoracodorsal nerve b/t subscapularis muscle and chest wall, dives into subscapularis muscle.

Tell me about: Axillary n.

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Post. cord

2) C5, C6

3) Teres Minor

Deltoid

4) Cutaneous: Skin over lateral shoulder

5) Travels w/ post. humeral circumflex artery into quadrangular space.  Wraps around the surgical neck of the humerous.  Frequently injured in shoulder dislocations and humeral neck fractures.

Tell me about: Radial Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Post. Cord

2) C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

3) Extensors of Arm and Forearm

Supinator---> Pierces supinator and comes out as posterior interosseous

4) Sensory/Cutaneous: Dorsal Skin of arm, forearm and hand

5) Passes b/t the long head and medial head of triceps enters radial groove w/ profunda artery (deep brachial artery) ****Branches into superficial and deep radial nerves around the elbow.

Tell me about: Ulnar Nerve

1) Origination  (Where does it come from?)

2) Roots

3) Muscles it innervates

4) Sensory/ Cutaneous Innervation

5) Other Interesting tidbits

1) Medial Cord

2) C8, T1

3) Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

1/2 Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Muscles in hypothenar eminence

4) Sensory/cutaneous: palm of hand, 1/2 4th finger, 5th finger

5) Gives off no branches in the arm.  In distal forearm, gives off dorsal branch.  In hand, gives off deep ulnar and superficial ulnar nerve.

What muscles attach to this?:

coracoid process

coracobrachialis

short head of the biceps brachii

pectoralis minor

What muscles attach to this?:

Supraglenoid tubercle (of scapula)

long head biceps brachii (tendon passes through shoulder joint)

What muscles attach to this?:

Infraglenoid tubercle (of scapula)

What muscles attach to this?:

Greater tubercle (of humerus)

supraspinatous

infraspinatous and teres minor (lateral/external rotators of shoulder)

What muscles attach to this?:

Deltoid tuberosity

What muscles attach to this?:

Lateral epicondyle (of humerus)

What muscles attach to this?:

Medial Epicondyle (of humerus)

What muscles attach to this?:

Olecranon process (of ulna)

What muscles attach to this?:

Middle Phalanges

What muscles attach to this?:

Distal Phalanges

Give me:

Peripheral nerve innervation, root, and action of following muscle: 

Levator Scapulae

*****These muscles have one attachement on the axial skeleton and one on the scapula.  If the axial skeleton is stabilized, they move the scapula relative to the trunk, or if co-contracted they fixate or stiffen (against motion) the scapula relative to the trunk or axial skeleton*********

innervation: Dorsal Scapular

Root: C5

Action: Elevation

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle: 

Rhomboids (Major, minor)

*****These muscles have one attachement on the axial skeleton and one on the scapula.  If the axial skeleton is stabilized, they move the scapula relative to the trunk, or if co-contracted they fixate or stiffen (against motion) the scapula relative to the trunk or axial skeleton*********

Dorsal Scapular

C5

Retraction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Trapezius

*****These muscles have one attachement on the axial skeleton and one on the scapula.  If the axial skeleton is stabilized, they move the scapula relative to the trunk, or if co-contracted they fixate or stiffen (against motion) the scapula relative to the trunk or axial skeleton*********

Spinal accessory

C2 C3

Upward Rotation

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Serratus Anterior

*****These muscles have one attachement on the axial skeleton and one on the scapula.  If the axial skeleton is stabilized, they move the scapula relative to the trunk, or if co-contracted they fixate or stiffen (against motion) the scapula relative to the trunk or axial skeleton*********

Long Thoracic

C5,C6, C7

Protraction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Pectoralis Minor

*****These muscles have one attachement on the axial skeleton and one on the scapula.  If the axial skeleton is stabilized, they move the scapula relative to the trunk, or if co-contracted they fixate or stiffen (against motion) the scapula relative to the trunk or axial skeleton*********

Medial Pectoral

C8, T1

Downward Rotation

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

subscapularis

*******These muscles have at least one attachment to the scapula and one to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated they move the humerus relative to the scapula******

Upper and Lower subscapular

C5 C6

Adduction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

supraspinatous

*******These muscles have at least one attachment to the scapula and one to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated they move the humerus relative to the scapula******

Suprascapular

C5 C6

Abduction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Infraspinatous

*******These muscles have at least one attachment to the scapula and one to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated they move the humerus relative to the scapula******

Suprascapular

C5 C6

External Rotation

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Teres Minor

*******These muscles have at least one attachment to the scapula and one to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated they move the humerus relative to the scapula******

Axillary

C5 C6

External Rotation

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Teres Major

*******These muscles have at least one attachment to the scapula and one to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated they move the humerus relative to the scapula******

Lower subscapular

C5 C6 C7

Internal Rotation

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Coracobrachialis

*******These muscles have at least one attachment to the scapula and one to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated they move the humerus relative to the scapula******

Musculocutaneous

C5 C6

Flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Deltoid

*******These muscles have at least one attachment to the scapula and one to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated they move the humerus relative to the scapula******

Axillary

C5 C6

abduction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Biceps Brachii

*****These muscles attach to the scapula proximally, but distally attach to bones of the forearm.  They have no attachement to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated, they will move the forearm relative to both the humerus and the scapula and the humerus relative to the scapula indirectly.  Their major action is to move forearm relative to humerus with synergistic muscles fixating the humerus relative to scapula.******

Musculocutaneous

C5 C6

Flexion/supination of forearm

***********most powerful supinator********

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Long head of Triceps Brachii

*****These muscles attach to the scapula proximally, but distally attach to bones of the forearm.  They have no attachement to the humerus.  If the scapula is fixated, they will move the forearm relative to both the humerus and the scapula and the humerus relative to the scapula indirectly.  Their major action is to move forearm relative to humerus with synergistic muscles fixating the humerus relative to scapula.******

Radial

C7 C8

Extension of forearm

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Pectoralis Major

****these muscles have at least one attachment to the axial skeleton and one to the humerus.  they move the humerus relative to the trunk.  If the scapula is not fixated they will move is also************

Medial Pectoral, Lateral Pectoral

C5,6,7,8,T1

Adduction of Arm, medially rotates humerus

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Latissimus dorsi

****these muscles have at least one attachment to the axial skeleton and one to the humerus.  they move the humerus relative to the trunk.  If the scapula is not fixated they will move is also************

Thoracodorsal

C5,6,7

Adduction of arm

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

subclavious

*****These muscles have at least one attachement to either the clavicle or scapula, but have only minimal effect on the upper limb motion***********

Nerve to subclavious

C5,6

Shoulder Depression

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Medial and Lateral Head of Triceps

*****these muscles have at least one attachment to the humerus and one to the forearm bones.  They primarily cause the forearm to move relative to the humerus***********

Radial

C7,8

Extension of forearm

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Anconeus

*****these muscles have at least one attachment to the humerus and one to the forearm bones.  They primarily cause the forearm to move relative to the humerus***********

Radial

C7,8

Extension of forearm

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Brachioradialis

*****these muscles have at least one attachment to the humerus and one to the forearm bones.  They primarily cause the forearm to move relative to the humerus***********

Radial

C5, C6

Flexion of forearm

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Brachialis

*****these muscles have at least one attachment to the humerus and one to the forearm bones.  They primarily cause the forearm to move relative to the humerus***********

Musculocutaneous

C5, C6

Flexion of forearm

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Pronator Teres

*****Superficial Layer--All these have at least one attachment to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.  This attachment is usually a fused tendon an together they are called the "medial wad" or "Flexor Wad"*****

Median Nerve

C6, 7

Forearm pronation, Flex Forearm at elbow, (fibers run obliquely)

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

flexor carpi radialis (FCR)

*****Superficial Layer--All these have at least one attachment to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.  This attachment is usually a fused tendon an together they are called the "medial wad" or "Flexor Wad"*****

median

C7, 8

Wrist Flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Palmaris Longus

*****Superficial Layer--All these have at least one attachment to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.  This attachment is usually a fused tendon an together they are called the "medial wad" or "Flexor Wad"*****

median

C6, C7

Wrist Flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

*****Superficial Layer--All these have at least one attachment to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.  This attachment is usually a fused tendon an together they are called the "medial wad" or "Flexor Wad"*****

Ulnar Nerve

C8, T1

Flexion (wrist)

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor Digitorum superficialis

*****Superficial Layer--All these have at least one attachment to the medial epicondyle of the humerus.  This attachment is usually a fused tendon an together they are called the "medial wad" or "Flexor Wad"*****

median nerve

C7 C8

PIP flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor Digitorum Profunda (2nd and 3rd)

***** Deep Layer:  Proximal attachments are to forearm bones*********

Anterior interosseous of median, Ulnar

C7, C8

DIP flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor digitorum profunda (4th and 5th)

***** Deep Layer:  Proximal attachments are to forearm bones*********

Ulnar

C8 T1

DIP Flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor Policis Longus

***** Deep Layer:  Proximal attachments are to forearm bones*********

Ant. Interosseous of Median

C7, 8

thumb IP flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Pronator Quadratus

***** Deep Layer:  Proximal attachments are to forearm bones*********

Anterior interosseous of median

C7 C8

Pronation

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Brachioradialis

***** Superficial Layer--all have at least one attachment to the lateral epicondyle (or, for brachioradialis and extnsor carpi radialis longus, to the supracondylar ridge just proximal to the lateral epicondyle) and their tendons are called the "lateral wad" or "extensor wad".  Generally, they extend (or supinate) thee joints they cross*********

Radial

C5 C6

Forearm (flexion)

This muscle is "kind of" an exception living in the posterior compartment.

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Extensor Carpi radialis longus

***** Superficial Layer--all have at least one attachment to the lateral epicondyle (or, for brachioradialis and extnsor carpi radialis longus, to the supracondylar ridge just proximal to the lateral epicondyle) and their tendons are called the "lateral wad" or "extensor wad".  Generally, they extend (or supinate) thee joints they cross*********

Radial

C6 C7

Wrist extension

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

extensor carpi radialis brevis

***** Superficial Layer--all have at least one attachment to the lateral epicondyle (or, for brachioradialis and extnsor carpi radialis longus, to the supracondylar ridge just proximal to the lateral epicondyle) and their tendons are called the "lateral wad" or "extensor wad".  Generally, they extend (or supinate) thee joints they cross*********

 deep radial

C6 C7

Wrist extension

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

extensor digitorum

***** Superficial Layer--all have at least one attachment to the lateral epicondyle (or, for brachioradialis and extnsor carpi radialis longus, to the supracondylar ridge just proximal to the lateral epicondyle) and their tendons are called the "lateral wad" or "extensor wad".  Generally, they extend (or supinate) thee joints they cross*********

Post. interosseous (radial)

C7 C8

PIP extension

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Extensor Digiti Minimi

***** Superficial Layer--all have at least one attachment to the lateral epicondyle (or, for brachioradialis and extnsor carpi radialis longus, to the supracondylar ridge just proximal to the lateral epicondyle) and their tendons are called the "lateral wad" or "extensor wad".  Generally, they extend (or supinate) thee joints they cross*********

Post. Interosseous (radial)

C7 C8

Little finger PIP extension

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

***** Superficial Layer--all have at least one attachment to the lateral epicondyle (or, for brachioradialis and extnsor carpi radialis longus, to the supracondylar ridge just proximal to the lateral epicondyle) and their tendons are called the "lateral wad" or "extensor wad".  Generally, they extend (or supinate) thee joints they cross*********

Posterior Interosseous (radial)

C7 C8

Wrist Extension

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Supinator

***** Deep layer- includes the supinator, although one of its attachements is also to the lateral epicondyle*********

Deep radial

C5 C6

Forearm supination

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Abductor pollicis longus

***** Deep layer- includes the supinator, although one of its attachements is also to the lateral epicondyle*********

Posterior Interossesous (radial)

C7, C8

thumb abduction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

***** Deep layer- includes the supinator, although one of its attachements is also to the lateral epicondyle*********

Post. Interosseous (radial)

C7, C8

Thumb Extension (MC-P)

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Extensor Pollicis Longus

***** Deep layer- includes the supinator, although one of its attachments is also to the lateral epicondyle*********

Post. interosseous

C7 C8

Thumb Extension (IP)

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Extensor Indicis

***** Deep layer- includes the supinator, although one of its attachements is also to the lateral epicondyle*********

Post. Interosseous

C8, T1

Second finger MC-P extension

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Thenar group form the palmar hillock over the first metacarpal

Median

C8, T1

thumb abduction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor Pollicis Brevis- superficial head

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Thenar group form the palmar hillock over the first metacarpal

Median nerve

C8 T1

thumb flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor Pollicis Brevis- deep head

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Thenar group form the palmar hillock over the first metacarpal

ulnar nerve

C8 T1

thumb flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Opponens Pollicis

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Thenar group form the palmar hillock over the first metacarpal

Median

C8 T1

Opposition

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Abductor digiti Minimi

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Hypothenar Group- forms hillock over the fifth metacarpal. 

Ulnar

C8 T1

Little finger abduction

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Flexor digiti minimi

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Hypothenar Group- forms hillock over the fifth metacarpal. 

Ulnar

C8 T1

Little finger flexion

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Opponens digiti minimi

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Hypothenar Group- forms hillock over the fifth metacarpal. 

Ulnar

C8 T1

Little finger opposition

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

 a) Lumbricals 2-3

b) Lumbricals 4-5

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Palmar group- has proximal attachments to tendons of flexor digitorum profunda and to extensor hood (no bony attachments)

a) Median Nerve  b) Ulnar

C8 T1

MC-P Flexion

IP extension

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Palmar Interosseous (PInteros) 1,2,3

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Palmar group deep layer- proximal attachment is to metacarpals

Ulnar

C8 T1

finger adduction at MC-P (PAD-DAB)

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Dorsal Interosseous (DInteros) 1,2,3,4

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Palmar group deep layer- proximal attachment is to metacarpals

Ulnar

C8 T1

Finger Abduction at MC-P (PAD-DAB)

Give me:

Peripheral nerve, root, and action of following muscle:

Adductor Pollicis (AD POL)

****Intrinsic hand muscles all have proximal attachements from the carpal bones, the transverse carpal ligament, or more distally*****

Palmar group deep layer- proximal attachment is to metacarpals

Ulnar

C8 T1

thumb adduction at MC-P

*****be careful--this will cross dorsal interosseous 1.  be careful in lab**********