Term
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Definition
Main flexor force from FDS -- Median Nerve
--Picking up a briefcase |
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Term
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Definition
brings objects in line with forearm for turning
Ulnar deviation of hand (adduction)
Opposition of little finger
Adduction of digits == Ulnar Nerve
--Turning screwdriver |
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Term
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Definition
Abduction of index finger important
First interosseous (Ulnar Nerve) & Thenar muscles (Median Nerve) |
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Term
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Definition
Opposition of thumb (Tripod between thumb, index, and middle)
Fine control of index and middle finger (Interossei- Ulnar N)
Minimal use of long flexors |
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Term
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Definition
Tripod still but adds long flexor action to precision grip (Ulnar and now Median)
Opening peanut butter jar |
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Term
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Definition
takes out long flexors and intrinsic hand muscles
--> median claw hand
At rest: MP joints of thumb, index, and middle are extended; IP joints are flexed (lateral lumbricals and FDP)
-Sensory loss to entire median field
Make a fist: Thumb, index, and middle cannot flex (Hand of Benediction). |
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Term
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Definition
Specifically lose lateral half of FDP and FPL
Cannot do OK sign because you cannot flex the distal IP joint
-NO CUTANEOUS losses bc Ant Int is ONLY MUSCULAR |
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Term
| Distal median nerve injury |
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Definition
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
-sensory loss in hand but not in the middle of palm bc palmar branch is before carpal tunnel
-thenar muscles: cannot oppose thumb (ape hand)
-lumbricals 1 &2: fine motor control of fingers
-thenar atrophy |
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Term
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Definition
Lose FDP to ring and little finger, hypothenar, interossei, adduction pollicis, and lumbricals 3&4.
-Ulnar Claw hand: at rest, MP joints extended, IP joints slightly flexed
-Chronic wasting of 1st dorsal interosseous
-Sensory loss to ulnar field |
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Term
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Definition
Loss of intrinsic muscles only
Isolated sensory and motor issues |
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Term
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Definition
| Patient asked to hold paper between pad of thumb and side of index finger. With loss of adductor pollicis action, the patient must flex the thumb and use Flexor Pollicis Brevis and Opponens Pollicis to accomplish task. |
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Term
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Definition
A: elevate and depress scapula; retract scapula; lateral rotation of scapula (point glenoid cavity up)
O: Posterior skull; spinous processes C7-T12
I: Spine and acromion of scapula; lateral clavicle
N: Spinal Accessory (XI); Proprioception is ventral rami C3/4
B: Transverse Cervical A. (off thyrocervical trunk off Subclavian) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Adduction, medial rotation, and extension of arm
O: Spinous processes T7-12; Lumbar vertebra via thoracolumbar fascia; Iliac crest
I: Intertubercular Sulcus of humerus
N: Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6,7,8)
B: Thoracodoral A (from Subscap trunk off Axillary) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Elevation and retraction of scapula
O: Spinous processes T2-5
I: Medial border scapula
N: Dorsal Scapular N (C5)
B: Dorsal Scapular A (off thyrocervical trunk off Subclavian
*inferior to Minor |
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Term
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Definition
A: Elevation and retraction of scapula
O: Spinous processes of C7-T1
I: Medial border scapula
N: Dorsal Scapular (C5)
B: Dorsal Scapular A (off thyrocervical, off subclavian)
*superior to major |
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Term
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Definition
A: elevates scapula
O: Transverse processes C1-4
I: Superior angle of scapula
N: Dorsal Scapular (C5) and direct branches from C3-4
B: Dorsal Scapular A (off thyrocervical off subclavian) |
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Term
| Serratus Posterior Superior |
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Definition
A: Elevates upper ribs
O: Ligamentum nuchae; Spines of C7 and T1-3
I: Ribs 1-4 lateral to angles
N: Ventral Rami T1-4 (intercostals)
B: Posterior Intercostal aa |
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Term
| Serratus Posterior Inferior |
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Definition
A: pulls down lower ribs
O: Thoracolumbar fascia; Spines of T11-L2
I: Ribs 9-12 lateral to angles
N: Ventral Rami T9-12 (intercostals)
B: Lowest posterior intercostal, subcostal a, first 2 lumbar aa |
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Term
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Definition
A: abducts arm (15-90); flex and extend arm
O: Spine and Acromion of Scapula; Lateral Clavicle
I: Deltoid Tuberosity (humerus)
N: Axillary N (C5,6)
B: Post Circumflex Humeral A (off 3rd part axillary) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Lateral rotation of arm
O: Posterior surface of lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle humerus
N: Axillary N (C5,6)
B: Circumflex Scapular A (off subscap trunk of axillary)
*Superior to Major |
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Term
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Definition
A: Medial rotation of arm, extension of arm
O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I: Intertubercular Sulcus of humerus
N: Inferior Subscapular N (C5,6,7)
B: Circumflex Scapular A (off subscap trunk off axillary)
*Inferior to Minor |
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Term
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Definition
A: initiates abduction of arm (up to 15 degrees)
O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular N ( C5,6)
B: Suprascapular A (off thyrocervical trunk off subclavian)
*Army over Navy (Suprascapular Ligament) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Lateral rotation of arm
O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular N (C5,6)
B: Suprascapular A (off thyrocervical trunk off subclavian) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Extension of forearm at elbow; Long head- extension of arm and adduction of arm
O: Long Head- Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Med/Lat Head- posterior surface of humerus
I: Olecranon process of Ulna
N: Radial N (C6,7,8)
B: Deep Brachial A (off of Brachial A) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Adduction and medial rotation of arm; Clavicular head- flexion of extended arm; Sternocostal head- extension of flexed arm
O: Clavicular head- medial 1/2 of clavicle; Sternocostal head- sternum and first 6 costal cartilages
I: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
N: Medial and Lateral Pectoral N (C: C5,6; SC: C7,8,T1)
B: Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial trunk of axillary a |
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Term
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Definition
A: Depression and protraction of scapula
O: Ribs and costal cartilages 3-5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
N: Medial and lateral pectoral N (C7,8)
B: Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial trunk of axillary a |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexion and supination of forearm; Long head- accessory flexion of arm
O: Long Head- Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Short head- coracoid process of scapula
I: Tuberosity of radius
N: Musculocutaneous N (C5,6)
B: Brachial A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Depression of clavicle
O: 1st rib costal cartilage
I: Inferior middle clavicle
N: N to Subclavius (C5,6)
B: Clavicular branch of thoracoacromial trunk of axillary a |
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Term
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Definition
A: Protraction and Lateral Rotation of Scapula
O: Lateral Ribs 1-8
I: Medial border scapula
N: Long Thoracic N (C5,6,7)
B: Lateral Thoracic A (off axillary) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Medial rotation and Adduction of arm
O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser Tubercle of humerus
N: Upper and Lower Subscapular N (C5.6)
B: Subscapular A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexion of ARM (not forearm)
O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Mid-shaft humerus
N: Musculocutaneous N (C5,6)
B: Brachial A |
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Term
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Definition
A: extension of forearm
O: Lateral epicondyle humerus
I: Posterior Ulna
N: Radial (C6-8)
B: Interosseous Recurrent A (off post interosseous) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexion of forearm (NOT arm)
O: Anterior aspect of humerus
I: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
N: Musculocutaneous (C5.6)
B: Brachial A, Radial Recurrent A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexion of forearm when its mid-pronated
O: Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
I: Lateral distal radius
N: Radial N (C6)
B: Radial Recurrent A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexion and Abduction of hand
O: Medial epicondyle humerus
I: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
N: Median N (C7.8)
B: Ulnar A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexion of hand and tenses palmar aponeurosis when gripping
O: Medial epicondyle humerus
I: Palmar aponeurosis (NOT BONE!)
N: Median N (C7,8)
B: Ulnar A. |
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Term
| Flexor Digitorum Superficialis |
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Definition
A: Flexion of PROXIMAL IP joint, MP joint, and hand at wrist
O: Medial epicondyle humerus; Proximal ulna and radius
I: Four tendons --> Middle phalanges of index, middle, ring, and little fingers
N: Median N (C8, T1)
B: Ulnar A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexion and Adduction hand
O: Medial epicondyle humerus; Posterior ulna
I: Pisiform, Hamate, and Base of 5th metacarpal
N: Ulnar N (C7,8)
B: Ulnar A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Pronation of forearm
O: Medial Epicondyle of humerus; Proximal ulna
I: Lateral mid-shaft radius
N: Median N (C6,7)
B: Ulnar A; Anterior Ulnar Recurrent A |
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Term
| Flexor Digitorum Profundus |
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Definition
A: Flexion of DISTAL IP, MP, and wrist joint
O: Anterior Ulna and Interosseous Membrane
I: 4 tendons --> distal phalanges of index, middle, ring, and little fingers *Tendons pass thru FDS!!
N: Medial 1/2: Ulnar N (C8.T1); Lateral 1/2: Anterior Interosseous N
B: Ulnar A; Anterior Interosseous A. |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexes IP and MP joints of thumb
O: Anterior Radius and Interosseous Membrane
I: Distal Phalanx of thumb
N: Anterior Interosseous N (C7.8)
B: Ant Int A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Pronation of forearm
O: Distal anterior ulna
I: Distal anterior radius
N: Anterior Interosseous N (C7.8)
B: Anterior Interosseous A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Abduction and extension of Carpometacarpal joint of thumb
O: Posterior Ulna, Radius, and Interosseous Membrane
I: Base of 1st metacarpal
N: Deep Radial (C7,8)
B: Post Interosseous A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Extension of MP and carpometacarpal joint of thumb
O: Post radius, Interosseous membrane
I: Prox phalanx thumb
N: Deep Radial (C7,8)
A: Post Int A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Extension of IP, MP, and carpometacarpal joint thumb
O: Posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Distal phalanx thumb
N: Deep Radial (C7,8)
B: Post Int A |
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Term
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis |
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Definition
A: Extend and Abduct hand
O: Lateral Epicondyle Humerus
I: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
N: Deep Radial (C7.8)
B: Radial A. |
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Term
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus |
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Definition
A: Extend and abduct hand
O: Lateral Supraepicondylar ridge humerus
I: Base of 2nd metacarpal
N: RADIAL (C6,7) --not deep!
B: Radial A. |
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Term
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Definition
A: Supination of forearm
O: Lateral epicondyle humerus and supinator crest of ulna
I: Lateral radius
N: Deep Radial (C6)
B: Recurrent Interosseous A (off post int off common off ulnar) |
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Term
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Definition
A: Extends index, middle, ring, and little fingers and wrist
O: Lateral epicondyle humerus
I: four tendons --> extensor hoods of index, middle, ring, little
N: Deep Radial (C7.8)
B: Interosseous Recurrent A and Post Interosseous A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Extension of index finger
O: Posterior ulnar and Interosseous membrane
I: Extensor hood index finger
N: Deep Radial (C7.8)
B: Posterior Interosseous Artery |
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Term
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Definition
A: Improves grip
O: Scaphoid, Trapezium, Flexor Retinaculum
I: Skin on medial margin of hand
N: Superficial Ulnar N (C8, T1)
B: Ulnar A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Abduction of thumb
O: Scaphoid, Trapezium, Flexor Retinaculum
I: Extensor hood of thumb & proximal phalanx
N: Recurrent Branch Median N (C8, T1)
B: Superficial palmar branch of Radial A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Medial Rotation and adduction of thumb
O: Trapezium, Flexor Retinaculum
I: First Metacarpal
N: Recurrent Branch Median N (C8, T1)
B: Superficial palmar branch of Radial A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexes carpometacarpal and MP joints in thumb
O: Flexor retinaculum and Trapezium
I: Proximal phalanx thumb
N: Recurrent Branch Median N (C8, T1)
B: Superficial palmar branch of Radial A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Adduction of thumb
O: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, Capitate
I: Proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb
N: Deep Ulnar N (C8, T1)
B: Deep Palmar Arch |
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Term
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Definition
A: Abducts little finger
O: Pisiform
I: Proximal phalanx little finger
N: Deep Ulnar N (C8, T1)
B: Ulnar A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Laterally rotates 5th metacarpal
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: 5th metacarpal
N: Deep Ulnar (C8, T1)
B: Ulnar A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flexes little finger
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: Proximal phalanx little finger
N: Deep Ulnar (C8, T1)
B: Ulnar A |
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Term
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Definition
A: Flex MP, Extend IP joints
O: Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
I: Extensor hoods of index, ring, middle, and little
N: Medial half: Deep Ulnar N; Lateral Half: Digital branch of median N (C8, T1)
B: Superficial Palmar Arch |
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Term
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Definition
A: Abduction of index, middle, and ring fingers
O: Sides of metacarpals
I: Extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges of index, middle, and ring fingers
N: Deep Ulnar (C8, T1)
B: Dorsal and Palmar Metacarpal aa |
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Term
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Definition
A: Adduction of index, ring, and little
O: Sides of metacarpals
I: Extensor hoods of index, ring, and little fingers
N: Deep Ulnar N (C8, T1)
B: Palmar Metacarpal aa |
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Term
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Definition
-forcibly increased angle between neck and shoulder
-common injury during delivery
-stretches superior trunk (C5-6)
Symptoms: adducted and medially rotated arm; extended elbow; flexed wrist; sensory loss lateral arm, forearm, and hand |
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Term
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Definition
Arm forcefully abducted and pulled
-stretches lower trunk and C8/T1 spinal nerves
Symptoms: paralysis of intrinsic hand muscles (complete claw hand), sensory loss over medial arm, forearm, and hand |
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