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Upper Extremity
Shoulder and Upper Arm
81
Anatomy
Graduate
06/28/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The clavicle extends from ____ of ____ to ____ of ____
Definition
manubrium of the sternum to acromion of the scapula
Term
Beneath the lateral part of the clavicle is the ____
Definition
infraclavicular fossa
Term

Sternoclavicular joint is 

A) Cartilaginous

B) Fibrous

C) Synovial

Definition
C) Synovial
Term
Which is the only true bony attachment of the upper extremity to the axial skeleton?
Definition
Sternoclavicular joint
Term
What divides the cavity of the sternoclavicular joint?
Definition
intra-articular disc
Term
Which movements do the sternoclavicular join permit?
Definition
up/down, forward/backward, rotary
Term
Which ligaments bind the sternoclavicular joint? (4)
Definition
  • Interclavicular ligament (superior - binds the two clavicles to sternum
  • costoclavicular ligament (inferior - binds clavicle to 1st rib)
  • anterior sternoclavicular ligament (anterior - binds to sternum)
  • posterior sternoclavicular ligament (posterior - binds to sternum)
Term
Acromioclavicular Joint
Definition
Allows for small adjustments between scapula and the clavicle
Term
The acromioclavicular joint is reinforced by the strong _________ ligament which is made up of the _______ ligament and the _______ ligament
Definition
coracoclavicular, trapezoid, conoid
Term
This ligament holds the acromioclavicular joint posteromedially
Definition
conoid ligament
Term
This ligament holds the acromioclavicular joint anterolatrally
Definition
trapezoid ligament
Term
This ligament resists acromioclavicular dislocation and shoulder separation
Definition
coracoclavicular ligament
Term
This bone connects the clavicle to the humerus
Definition
scapula
Term
This notch holds the suprascapular nerve and artery
Definition
suprascapular notch
Term
This ligament extends to the coracoid process to form a ligament arch over the capsule-covered humeral head.
Definition
coracoacromial ligament
Term
This bursa separates the coraco-acromial arch from the shoulder capsule
Definition
subacromial bursa
Term
The scapula's only central connection to the axial skeleton is through the _____ which attatches to the acromion and coracoid processes
Definition
clavicle
Term
The clavicle serves as a ____ to support the scapula
Definition
strut
Term
Functions of the scapula (2)
Definition
  • acts as a stabilizing base/platform when significant force is being transmitted (pushup)
  • enhance movements at glenohumeral joint by gliding on posterior thoracic wall
Term
Translatory scapular motion
Definition
 up and down or side to side
Term
rotatory scapular motion
Definition
the scapula rotates on an axis
Term

Intrinsic ligaments of the shoulder joint (6)

 

Definition
  • glenohumeral ligaments
  • transverse humeral ligament
  • coracohumeral ligament
  • coracoacromial arch
  • supraspinatus muscle
  • coracoacromial ligament
Term
Glenohumeral ligaments
Definition
superior, middle, inferior run from spraglenoid tubercle of the scapula to the lesser tubercle and the anatomical neck of the humerus
Term
Transverse humeral ligament
Definition
  • band of fibers passing from greater to lesser tubercles
  • bridges the superior end of the intertubercular groove
  • converts the intertubercular groove into a canal
  • canal holds the tendon of the long head of briceps brachii
Term
Coracohumeral ligament
Definition
  • strengthens the superior part of the capsule
  • passes from the lateral side of the base of the coracoid process to the anatomical neck of the humerus
Term
coracoacromial arch
Definition
  • coracoid process, coracoacromial ligament, and acromion form a protective arch
  • the head of the humerus is pressed against this arch when leaning on outstretched arms on desk
  • the arch prevents displacement of the humeral head superiorly
Term
Supraspinatus muscle
Definition
  • passes under arch on way to insertion on greater tubercle
  • separated from arch by subacromial bursa
Term
Coracoacromial Ligament
Definition
  • strong triangular ligament form coracoid process to acromion
  • part of arch
Term
Rotator cuff muscles (sits)
Definition
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres minor
  • Subscapularis

strength of shoulder joint mainly comes from the rotator cuff muscles

 

Term
Subscapular Bursa
Definition
  • located between the tendon of the subscapularis muscle and the neck of the scapula
  • communicates with shoulder capsule
Term
Subacromial Bursa
Definition
  • lies between the deltoid muscle and the supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule
  • does not normally communicate with joint space
  • facilitates the movement of the deltoid muscle over fibrous capsule and the supraspinatus tendon
Term
Superficial Extrinsic muscles of the back/shoulder region (2)
Definition
  • trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
Term
Deep Extrinsic muscles of the back/shoulder region (3)
Definition
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboids
  • serratus anterior
Term
Interinsic muscles of the back/shoulder region (6)
Definition
  • deltoid
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • teres major
  • subscapularis
Term
Muscles connecting the upper limb to the vertebral column (5)
Definition
  • trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid major
  • rhomboid minor
Term
Muscles connecting the upper limb and the thoracic wall (4)
Definition
  • serratus anterior
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • subclavius
Term
Serratus Anterior Origin
Definition
outer surfaces of the upper eight or nine ribs
Term
Serratus Anterior Insertion
Definition
costal aspect of the medial border of the scapula
Term
Serratus Anterior Innervation
Definition
long thoracic nerve; c5, c6, c7
Term
Serratus Anterior Function
Definition
  • rotates the scapula upward and abducts the scapula
  • raises the ribs
Term
Pectoralis Minor Origin
Definition
3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
Term
Pectoralis Minor Insertion
Definition
medial border of the coracoid process
Term
Pectoralis Minor Innervation
Definition
medial pectoral nerve; c8, t1
Term
Pectoralis Minor Function (2)
Definition
  • rotates the scapula downward
  • raises the 3 ribs
Term
Pectoralis Major Origin (4)
Definition
  • anterior surface of the sternal 1/2 of the clavicle
  • anterior surface of the sternum as low as the attachment of the cartilage of the 6th rib
  • from the cartilages of the 2nd to 6th ribs
  • from the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle
Term
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Definition
lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Term
Pectoralis Major Innervation
Definition
medial and lateral pectoral nerves; c5, c6, c7, c8, t1
Term
Pectoralis Major Function (2)
Definition
  • flexes and adducts the shoulder
  • rotates the shoulder medially
Term
Subclavius Origin
Definition
junction of the 1st rib and costal cartilage
Term
Subclavius Insertion
Definition
inferior surface of middle 1/3 of the clavicle
Term
Subclavius Innervation
Definition
nerve to subclavius; c5, c6
Term
Subclavius Function (2)
Definition
  • may depress the lateral end of clavicle
  • steady clavicle during movements
Term
Scapular Muscles (8)
Definition
  • Deltoid (anterior)
  • Deltoid (middle)
  • Deltoid (posterior)
  • Teres major
  • Teres minor
  • Supraspinatus
  • Subscapularis
  • Infraspinatus
Term
Deltoid (Anterior) Origin
Definition
  • lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
Term
Deltoid Insertion
Definition
deltoid tuberosity of the lateral aspect of the humerus
Term
Deltoid Innervation
Definition
axillary nerve; c5, c6
Term
Deltoid (Anterior) Function
Definition
flexes the arm
Term
Deltoid (Middle) Origin
Definition
Superior surface of the acromion
Term
Deltoid (Middle) Function
Definition
abducts the arm
Term
Deltoid (Posterior) Origin
Definition
Spine of the scapula
Term
Deltoid (Posterior) Function
Definition
extends the arm
Term
Teres Major Origin
Definition
dorsal surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
Term
Teres Major Insertion
Definition
medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Term
Teres Major Innervation
Definition
lower subscapular nerve; c5, c6
Term

Teres Major Function (2)

 

Definition

adducts and extends the arm

medially rotates the arm

Term
Teres Minor Origin
Definition
upper 2/3 of the lateral border of the scapula
Term
Teres Minor Insertion
Definition
inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Term
Teres Minor Innervation
Definition
axillary nerve; c5, c6
Term
Teres Minor Function (2)
Definition
  • laterally rotates the arm
  • adducts the arm
Term
Supraspinatus Origin
Definition
medial 2/3 of the supraspinatus fossa
Term
Supraspinatus Insertion
Definition
superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Term
Supraspinatus Innervation
Definition
suprascapular nerve; c4, c5, c6
Term
Supraspinatus Function (2)
Definition
  • abducts the arm
  • flexes and laterally rotates the arm
Term
Subscapularis Origin
Definition
medial 2/3 of subscapular fossa
Term
Subscapularis Insertion
Definition
lesser tubercle of the humerus
Term
Subscapularis Innervation
Definition
upper and lower subscapular nerves; c5, c6, c7
Term
Subscapularis Function (2)
Definition
  • medially rotates the arm
  • flexes, extends, abducts and adducts the arm depending on arm position
Term
Infraspinatus Origin
Definition
medial 2/3 of the infraspinatus fossa
Term
Infraspinatus Insertion
Definition
middle facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus
Term
Infraspinatus Innervation
Definition
suprascapular nerve; c5, c6
Term
Infraspinatus Function (2)
Definition
  • lateral rotation of the arm
  • upper fibers abduct and lower fibers adduct the arm
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