O: External occipital protuberance, spinous processes C1-T12, Ligamentum nuchae (C1-C6)

I: Lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

N: Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

A: Upper - elevates scapula, rotates scapula upward

    Middle - retracts scapula

    Lower - depresses scapula, rotates upward

    Upper and Lower rotates the scapula upward

O: Spinous processes of lower 6 Thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fasica, iliac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs

I: Intertubercular groove of humerus

N: Thoracodorsal

A: Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus, raises body toward arms while climbing

Major                                                            Minor

O: Spinous process of T2-T5                            O: Spinous processes of C7-T1

I: Medial border of scapula                               I: Medial border of scapula

N: Dorsal Scapular                                           N: Dorsal Scapula

A: Retracts scapula, rotates downward               A: Retracts scapula, rotates downward

O: Transverse processes of C1-C4

I: Medial border of scapula

N: Dorsal Scapular

A: Elevates scapula, rotates scapula downward, rotates C-Spine ipsilaterally

O: Clavicle, sternum, superior 6 ribs

I: Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

N: Lateral and Medial Pectoral

A: Adducts and medially rotates humerus

    Clavicular head: flexes

    Sternal head: extends

O: 3rd-5th ribs

I: Coracoid process of scapula

N: Medial Pectoral

A: Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against Thoracic wall

O: Lateral part of 1st-8th ribs

I: Anterior surface of the medial border of scapula

N: Long Thoracic

A: Protracts scapula and holds it against Thoracic wall, rotates scapula upwards

O: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

N: Axillary

A: Anterior - flexes/medially rotates humerus

    Middle - abducts humerus

    Posterior - extends/laterally rotates humerus

O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

I: Greater tubercle of humerus

N: Suprascapular

A: Initiates and assists with abduction

O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

I: Middle aspect of greater tubercle of humerus

N: Suprascapular

A: Laterally rotates humerus, assists in stabilizing humeral head in glenoid fossa

O: Middle part of lateral border of scapula

I: Inferior aspect of greater tubercle of humerus

N: Axillary

A: Laterally rotates humerus, assists in stabilizing humeral head in glenoid fossa

O: Subscapular fossa

I: Lesser tubercle of humerus

N: Upper/Lower Subscapular

A: Medially rotates/adducts humerus, holds humeral head against glenoid fossa

O: Inferior angle of scapula

I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

N: Lower Subscapular

A: Adducts/medially rotates humerus

O: Long Head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

     Short Head - coracoid process of scapula

I: Radial tuberosity and fasica of forearm

N: Musculocutaneous

A: Flexes/supinates forearm, assists with shoulder flexion

O: Anterior surface of humerus

I: Coronoid process of ulna

N: Musculocutaneous

A: Main flexor of forearm

O: Long Head - Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

     Lateral Head - Proximal posterior surface of humerus

     Medial Head - Distal posterior surface of humerus

I: Olectranon of fossa

N: Radial

A: Extensor of forearm

O: Medial epicondyle

I: Lateral radius

N: Median

A: Flex elbow and pronate forearm

O: Medial epicondyle

I: 2nd Metacarpal

N: Median

A: Flex wrist, radially deviates

O: Medial epicondyle

I: Palmar aponeurosis

N: Median

A: Flex wrist

O: Medial epicondyle

I: 5th metacarpal

N: Ulnar

A: Flex wrist, ulnarly deviates

O: Medial epicondyle and radius

I: Middle phalanges of 4 fingers

N: Median

A: Flexes digits, assist with wrist flexion

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Pronator Quadratus

O: Supracondylar ridge of humerus

I: Radial styloid process

N: Radial

A: Weak flexor of forearm, strongest in midpronation

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

I: 2nd metacarpal

N: Radial

A: Extends wrist, radially deviates

O: Lateral epicondyle

I: 3rd metacarpal

N: Radial

A: Extend wrist, radially deviates

O: Lateral epicondyle

I: Extensor hood 4 fingers

N: Radial

A: Extends fingers

O: Lateral epicondyle

I: Extensor hood of 5th finger

N: Radial

A: Extends 5th digit

O: Lateral epicondyle

I: 5th metacarpal

N: Radial

A: Extends wrist, ulnarly deviates

O: Lateral epicondyle

I: Proximal 1/3 of radius

N: Radial

A: Supinates forearm

Abductor Pollicus Longus

Extensor Pollicus Longus

Extensor Pollicus Brevis

Thenar Eminence

(Thumb)

Opponens Pollicus

Abductor Pollicus Brevis

Flexor Pollicus Brevis

Adductor Pollicus

Hypothenar Eminence

(Pinky)

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Flexor Digiti Minimi