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unit one vobulary words
Biology
49
Biology
9th Grade
01/04/2011

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Term
Structure
Definition
The way something is put together
Term
Function
Definition
The role that something has- The job something does
Term
organism
Definition
An individual living thing
Term
Unicellular
Definition
single celled
Term
multicellular
Definition
many celled
Term
cell
Definition
the basic unit of life.
Term
Surface Area
Definition
The exposed that an object has.
Term
Volume
Definition
The amount of space something takes up.
Term
Pores
Definition
A ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬small opening in a surface through which materials can pass
Term
Eukaryote
Definition
Organism consisting of one or more cells in which the nucleus is enclosed by a membrane
Term
Prokaryote
Definition
One celled organism that does not have a membrane enclosed nucleus
Bacteria are prokaryotic
Term
Organelle
Definition
A specialized that performs a specific function in Eukaryotic Cells
Term
Cell wall
Definition
Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane
Term
Centrioles
Definition
Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes
Term
nucleus
Definition
directs the cell contains DNA
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
Passageways where chemicals are made
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
Structures that converts nutrients to energy
Term
Chloroplasts
Definition
Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells
Term
Vacuole
Definition
Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products
Term
Ribosome
Definition
Small structure that synthesizes proteins
Term
rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
is a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
Stack of membranes that packages chemicals.
Term
Lysosome
Definition
Sac filled with digestive chemicals
Term
Vesicle
Definition
Package created by the Golgi apparatus
Term
Semipermiable
Definition
specific about what is allowed to pass through
Term
Diffusion
Definition
The movement from greater concentration to lesser concentration
Term
Osmosis
Definition
The movement of water across a membrane to a region of low solute concentration to high solvent concentration
Term
Hypertonic Solution
Definition
The solution with a greater amount of Solute than normal cells of the body
Term
Hypotonic Solution
Definition
The solution with a smaller amount of Solute than normal cells of the body
Term
Isotonic Solution
Definition
A solution with same salt concentration as normal cells of the body
Term
Membrane Protein
Definition
These are globular proteins that either go across the membrane or sit on the surface. These proteins have one of 4 different jobs
Term
Active Transport
Definition
A transfer of molecules across a membrane. It requires energy _like ATP and the aid of proteins. Usually it moves molecules against the concentration gradient (From low to high).
Term
Endocytosis
Definition
A process of transport in which a cell takes in a substance by using its membrane to swallow the substance and then pinches off around it to form a vesicle inside the cell.
Term
Exocytosis
Definition
A process of transport in which a vesicle inside a cell fuses(or attaches) to the cell membrane so it can release its contents outside the cell
Term
Organ
Definition
A specialized structure that carries out a specific function in living organisms. Ex. heart
Term
Tissue
Definition
A group of specialized cells of the same type, which work together to perform a specific function for the organism
Term
Differentiation
Definition
The process of a cell becoming specialized
Term
Specialization
Definition
A process of a cell to a specific function
Happens in:
• Unicellular organisms
• Multicellular organisms
Term
Fertilization
Definition
The process by which an egg cell and sperm cell join together
Term
Conception
Definition
The process of fertilization.
Term
Embryo
Definition
A fertilized egg that has begun cell division
Term
Blastocyst
Definition
A group of about 100 cells, of two types, (Totipotent and Pluripotent) that form from a fertilized egg. Each of these cells can develop into almost any type of cell.
Term
DNA
Definition
The chemical blueprint for all living things. Short for deoxyribonucleic acid, it is a double-stranded molecule that carries genetic information and determines the physical characteristics between generations
Term
Stem Cells
Definition
Any unspecialized cell in a multicellular organism, except a sperm or egg cell that can divide and become ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬any cell type in the body.
Term
simple diffusion
Definition
diffusion of a molecule without using energy.
Term
facilitated diffusion
Definition
diffusion of a molecule
Term
tutipotent
Definition
able to differentiate into any type of cell
Term
plurpocent
Definition
from totiopent cells, able to differntiate in to any type of cell
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