Term
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Definition
| spasms of tongue, neck, back & legs; may be accompanied by salivation and abnormal eye movements |
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Term
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Definition
| restlessness; shuffling; constant movement of extremities. Pseudo parkinsonism – symptoms similar to those of Parkinson’s disease: muscle tremors, slowed movements, drooling |
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Term
| Define Tardive dyskinesia |
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Definition
| abnormal muscle movements: lip smacking, chewing motion, aimless movement of extremities |
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Term
| Define Neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
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Definition
| life threatening adverse reaction to antipsychotic meds. Symptoms include high fever, diaphoresis, altered mental state, rigid muscles, unstable blood pressure and heart rate |
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Term
| What disease can antipyschotic drugs cause? why does this happen? |
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Definition
| Parkinson’s-like symptoms can occur because the drugs block CNS dopamine receptors. |
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Term
| What primary characteristics differentiate typical and atypical antipsychotics? |
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Definition
Typical- Blocks dopamine receptors. Causes more side effects(depression, anticolinergic effects, and exrapyramidal)
Atypical- Blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors. helps balance(and prevents some) symptoms normally seen in typical. |
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Term
| What are the prototype drugs for Typical and Atypical antipyschotics? |
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Definition
Typical- Haldol (Haloperidol)
Atypical- Clozapine (Clozaril) |
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Term
| Side Effects of Antipsychotics |
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Definition
-depression, , sedation, weakness, extrapyramidal effects, psuedoparkinsonism, dystonia, akathisia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, Bronchospasm.
-Atypicals can cause weight gain and DMII. |
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Term
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Definition
| dry mouth, inc. HR, constipation, inc. BP, heat sensitivity, blurred vision, loss of coordination. |
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Term
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Definition
| drowsiness, dry mouth, urine retention, blurred vision |
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Term
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Definition
| inc. HR, inc. BP, restlessness, headache, |
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Term
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Definition
-antipsychotic
-small theraputic range(req. serum monitoring)
-sodium levels very important to maintain
-pt. teaching of hydration and dehydration very important
-Multiple drug interactions
- |
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Term
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Definition
-occurs when drug levels out of range. Very small range.
-Symptoms include lethargy, weakness, tremors, N/V, EKG changes, seizures, kidney toxicity, organ toxicity. |
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Term
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Definition
-seizure medication. Used for bipolar disorder as well.
-Half life of 25 hours
-associated with life threaten skin rashes
- pts. should closely monitor skin when taking and avoid alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
-seizure medication
-used for bipolar disorder as well
-half life of 25-65 hours
-small theraputic range.
-can cause liver toxicity and bone marrow suppression
-pts should avoid alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
-seizure medication
-also used for Bipolar disorder
-can cause liver toxicity and pancreatitis(in children)
-avoid alcohol
-harsh teratogenic effects in pregnant woman. |
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Term
| How does Levodopa work for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease? |
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Definition
| It is Converted to dopamine in the CNS to reestablish a balance with Ach |
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Term
| What are nursing implications for seizure medications? |
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Definition
-Pt. education; adhere to regimine, never stop taking unless Dr. says so
-plasma monitoring may be needed
-drowsiness possible side effect
-avoid alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
-N/V, itchiness, constipation, drowsiness
-Most serious effect Respiratory depression. |
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Term
| Discuss teaching points for pts. taking anti-migraine meds. |
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Definition
-attempt non-drug treatments first
-control environmental triggers/stimuli at onset
-avoid during pregnancy
-drugs do not prevent migraines, stop or slow them
-AE= numbness, tingling, weakness |
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Term
| nursing implications Barbituates |
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Definition
-CNS depressant, potentiates GABA
-used in epilepsy
-less commonly used today
-prototype=Phenobarbital
-high abuse potential
-many drug interactions
-no antidote
-can cause oversedation/respiratory depression |
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Term
| Nursing implications Benzodiazapines |
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Definition
-CNS depressants, potentiates GABA
-used for anxiety, insomnia, and seizures
-low abuse potential
-few drug interactions
-Prototype= Diazapem (Valium) |
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Term
A group of nurses is discussing the benefits of the blood-brain barrier. Which statement made by one of the nurses regarding the blood-brain barrier demonstrates a need for further teaching?
A) It can protect the brain from injury by potentially toxic substances.
B) It can be a significant obstacle to the entry of therapeutic agents.
C) It is not fully developed at birth.
D) It lets in therapeutic agents but filters out everything else. |
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Definition
| D) It lets in therapeutic agents but filters out everything else. |
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Term
CNS stimulants can be used in the treatment of:
A) depression
B) attention-deficit disorder
C) appetite stimulation
D) migraines |
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Definition
| B) attention-deficit disorder |
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Term
The nurse assesses a patient for possible lithium toxicity. Which finding(s) would be consistent with toxic levels of lithium? (check all that apply)
A) ECG changes
B) weight gain
C) decreased urine output
D) ataxia |
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Definition
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Term
A patient is experiencing a severe reaction to an opioid overdose. Which drug would the nurse expect to use to treat this condition?
A) naloxone (Narcan)
B) pentazocine (Talwin)
C) Prednisone
D) celecoxib (Celebrex) |
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Definition
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Term
The treatment for epilepsy is directed at using medications such as phenobarbital for stabilizing overexcited nerve membranes and/or increasing the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA.
A) True
B) False |
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Definition
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Term
Traditional treatment for mild migraine headache starts with which treatment strategy?
A) NASIDs such as ibuprofen (Motrin)
B) opioid analgesics such as morphine
C) serotonin-1 receptor agonists such as sumatriptan (Imitrex)
D) impramine (Tofranil) |
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Definition
| A) NASIDs such as ibuprofen (Motrin) |
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Term
A patient has been prescribed an opioid agonist for hip pain. The nurse educates the patient about the adverse effects of opioids and includes information about: (select all that apply)
A) nausea
B) excessive coughing
C) increased urination
D) constipation |
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Definition
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Term
A physician has ordered a benzodiazepine. Client teaching should include:
A) Avoid taking cardiac medications such as aspirin with the benzodiazepine
B) Avoid alcohol, antidepressants, and narcotic drugs while taking the benzodiazepine
C) Take the drug during nocturnal (nighttime) waking
D) Take the drug immediately after the evening meal |
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Definition
| B) Avoid alcohol, antidepressants, and narcotic drugs while taking the benzodiazepine |
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Term
Which of the following statements by a patient taking haloperidol (Haldol) indicates that further teaching is needed? (select all that apply)
A) I can continue drinking two glasses of wine with my dinner while taking this drug.
B) I should avoid antihistamines while taking this drug.
C) If my symptoms improve, I will just stop taking the medication.
D) My urine may change color while taking this medication, but it is not a cause for concern. |
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Definition
A) I can continue drinking two glasses of wine with my dinner while taking this drug.
C) If my symptoms improve, I will just stop taking the medication. |
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Term
Traditional antipsychotic medications may cause the patient to tap feet continually or rock back and forth, which is called:
A) dystonia
B) alexitymia
C) CNS effects
D) akathisia |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following medications is indicated for generalized anxiety?
A) diazepam (Valium)
B) carbamazepine (Tegretol)
C) sumatriptan (Imitrex)
D) morphine sulfate (Morphine) |
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Definition
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Term
Your patient began taking Impramine (Tofranil) three weeks ago. She is now reporting one of the most common adverse effects of this medication. What symptom is she likely to be reporting?
A) Loss of appetite
B) Anxiety
C) Lightheadedness
D) Diarrhea |
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Definition
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