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Unit 7
Anatomy terms
70
Anatomy
12th Grade
01/26/2009

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
Anatomy is the study of the form and structure of an organism.
Term
Integumentary
Definition
Integumentary protects body from injury, infection, and deydration; helps regulate body temperature; eliminates some wastes; produces vitamin D
Term
Nervous
Definition
Nervous coordinates and control body activities.
Term
Lymphatic
Definition
Lymphatic carries some tissue fluid and wastes to blood, assists with fighting infection
Term
Urinary
Definition
Urinary filters blood to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the body, produces and eliminates urine.
Term
Digestive
Definition
Digests food physically and chemically, transports food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates waste.
Term
Trapezius
Definition
turns and flexes head
Term
circulatory
Definition
Circulatory carries oxygen and nutrients to body cells; carries waste products away from cells; helps produce cells to fight infection
Term
Endocrine
Definition
pituitary,thyroid,parathyroid,adrenal,and thymus glands;pancreas,ovaries,testes
Term
Reproductive
Definition

Male:testes,epididymis,vas deferens,ejaculatory duct,seminal vesicles,prostate,gland,penis,urethra

Female:ovaries,fallopian tubes,uternus,vagina,breasts 

Term
Special senses
Definition
Eye,ear,tongue,nose,general sense receptors
Term
Respiratory
Definition
Nose,pharynx,larynx,trachea,bronchi,lungs.
Term
Tibialis anterior
Definition
Abducts thigh,flexes leg
Term
Intercostals
Definition
Between ribs: moves ribs for breathing
Term
Deltoid
Definition
Shoulder: Abducts arm,injeeection site
Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition
Back of lower leg: flexes and supinates sole of the foot
Term
thymus
Definition
is a mass of lymph tissue located in the center of the upper chest.
Term
spleen
Definition
is an organ located beneath the left side of the diaphragm and in back of the upper part of stomach.
Term
pharynx
Definition
throat lies directly behind the nasal cavities.As air leaves the nose, it enters the pharynx.
Term
membrane
Definition
is the tympanic membrane seperates the outer ear from the middle ear.
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
Upper chest:Adducts and flexes upper arm
Term
Neuron
Definition
consists of a cell body containing a nucleus; nerves, fibers.
Term
meninges
Definition
Are three membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.
Term
Body planes
Definition

Body planes are imaginary lines drawn through the body at various parts to separate the body into sections. the three main body planes are the transverse, midsagittal, and frontal.

Term
Dorsal Cavity
Definition
Dorsal Cavity is one long, continuous cavity located on the back of the body.
Term
Connective tissue
Definition

Connective tissue is the supporting fabric of organs and other body parts. There are two main classes of connective tissue.

Term
Sebaceous glands
Definition
Sebaceous glands are oil glands that usually open onto hair follicles.
Term
Excitability
Definition
Excitability is irritability, the ability to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse.
Term
Contractibility
Definition
Contractibility is muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerves contracr, or become short and thick, which causes movement.
Term
Extensibility
Definition
Extensibility is the ability to be stretched.
Term
Elasticity
Definition
Elasticity allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched.
Term
Adduction
Definition
Adduction move a body part toward the midline.
Term
Abduction
Definition
Abduction move a body part away from the midline.
Term
Flexion
Definition
Flexion decrease the angle between two bones, or bending a body part.
Term
Extension
Definition
Extension increase the angle between two bones, or straightening a body part.
Term
Rotation
Definition
Rotation turn a body part around its own axis; for example, turning the head from side to side.
Term
Circumduction
Definition
Circumduction move in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary, such as swinging an arm in a circle.
Term
Cerebrum
Definition
Cerebrum is the largest and highest section of the brain. The outer part is arranged in folds, called convolutions, and separated into lobes.
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Cerebellum is the section below the back of the cerebrum. it is responsible for muscle coordination, balance, posture, and muscle tone.
Term
Diencephalon
Definition
Diencephalon is the section located between the cerebrum and midbrain. It contains two structures: the thalamus and hypothalamus.
Term
Midbrain
Definition
midbrain is the section located below the cerebrum at the top of the brainstem. It is responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes.
Term
Pons
Definition
Pons is the section located below the midbrain and in the brainstem. It is responsible for conducting messages to other parts of the brain; for certain reflex actions including chewing, tasting, and saliva production; and for assisting with respiration.
Term
Iris
Definition
The Iris is the colored portion of the eye. It is located behind the cornea on the front of the choroid coat.
Term
Vitreous humor
Definition
Vitreous humor is the jellylike substance that fills the area behind the lens. It helps maintain the shape of the eyeball and also refracts light rays.
Term
Septum
Definition
Septum is a muscular wall that separates the heart into a right side and a left side. It prevents blood from moving between the right and left sides of the heart
Term
Right atrium
Definition
The right atrium recieves blood as it returns from the body cells.
Term
Right ventricle
Definition
The right ventricle recieves blood from the right atrium and pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery.
Term
Left atrium
Definition
The left atrium recieves oxygenated blood from the lungs.
Term
Tricuspid valve
Definition
Tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
Term
Pulmonary valve
Definition
The Pulmonary valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, a blood vessel that carries blood to the lungs.
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
Hemoglobin a complex protein composed of the protein molecule called globin and the iron compound called heme.
Term
hard palate
Definition
hard palate is the bony structure that forms the roof of the mouth and separates the mouth from the nasal cavities.
Term
salivary glands
Definition
salivary glands is the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular, produce a liquid called saliva.
Term
Cortex
Definition
Cortex is the outer section of the kidney.
Term
Bladder
Definition
The bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that lies behind the sympysis pubis and at the midline of the pelvic cavity.
Term
Urine
Definition
Urine is the liquid waste product produced by the urinary system.
Term
Urethra
Definition
The Urethra is the tube that carries the urine from the bladder to the outside.
Term
pancreas
Definition
The pancreas is a fish-shaped organ located behind the stomach.
Term
Placenta
Definition
The placenta is a temporary endocrine gland producted during pregnancy.
Term
prostate gland
Definition
Prostate gland is a doughnut-shaped gland located below the urinary bladder and on either side of the urethra.
Term
medulla
Definition
The medulla is the inner section of the kidney.
Term
Teeth
Definition
Teeth are special structures in the mouth that physically break down food by chewing and grinding.
Term
Alimentary canal
Definition

The alimentary canal is a long, muscular tube that begins at the mouth and icludes the mouth(oral cavity), pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus.

Term
Spleen
Definition
The spleen is an organ located beneath the left side of the diaphragm and in back of the upper part of the stomach.
Term
Thoracic duct
Definition
The thoracic duct, a much larger tube, drains the lymph from the rest of the body.
Term
Cisterna chyli
Definition
The cisterna chyli serves as a storage area for purified lymph before this lymph returns to the bloodstream.
Term
Arrhythmias
Definition
Arrythmias are abnormal heart rhythms and can be mild to life-threatening.
Term
Arteries
Definition
 Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
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