Term
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Definition
when love for parents is replaced with hate and disrespect
- is abnormal for this not to happen
- attempt to transfer sexual feelings from parents to peers |
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Term
| Five changes during puberty |
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Definition
1. Rapid growth and weight gain
2. development of sex glands
3. secondary sexual characteristics
4. change in body composition ( type)
5. changes in circulatory/ respiratory system |
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Term
| Piaget's Formal Operations |
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Definition
age 12+
abstract thought, logic, multi-dimensional
Limitations: people don't use their ability to do this, are not practical |
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Term
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Definition
belief that you are not at risk to common dangers
"it wont happen to me" |
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Term
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Definition
| belief that everyone is always watching and scrutinizing you |
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Term
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Definition
belief that what happens to you happens to no one else
" no one understands me" |
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Term
| Moral Development : Social Learning Theory |
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Definition
| best predictor is if children received positive reinforcement for acting morally appropriate |
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Term
| Piaget's Moral Development |
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Definition
1. heteronomous morality - intention not important
2. autonomous morality- intention is important, rules can bend |
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Term
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral development
Level One |
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Definition
Pre-conventional
rewards vs. punishments
self-centered
stage 1- obeys to avoid punishment
stage 2- follow rules to benefit youself, do something good for someone so that they will do something good for you |
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Term
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral development
Level Two |
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Definition
Conventional (concrete)
work to please society (social rules)
Stage 3- good girl/nice boy--> obey rules to benefit everyone
Stage 4- follow laws, conforms to what society says is right |
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Term
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral development
Level Three |
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Definition
Post- Conventional (formal-logic)
based on moral principles
Stage 5- people do good because of socities laws, recognize they can break a law if morally correct
Stage 6- follows laws because of ethical principles (internalized ideas) |
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Term
Gilligan's Three stage process
Level One |
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Definition
1. Orientation of individual survival (selfish)- womens' thinking based on personal interest, very focused on her own needs (socialite mom)
Transition #1- selfish- responsible, women realizes she is responsible for others |
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Term
Gilligan's Three stage process
Level Two |
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Definition
Goodness as Self-Sacrifice- put other people's needs before her own (she feels she has to)
sacrifices her own needs, worried how others will see her if she spends too much time on herself
Transition #2Goodness to Truth- less concerned with what other people think of her
she begins to evaluate the morality of her behavior on basis of consequences and intentions |
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Term
Gilligan's Three stage process
Level Three |
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Definition
Morality of Nonviolence- avoid hurting anyone else and herself
moral equivalence- her needs and others are both important |
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Term
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Definition
begins at puberty
mature sexual love- ideals for love and work
women resolve phallic conflict- embrace the vagina |
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Term
| Erikson's Identity vs. Role Confusion |
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Definition
Identity- confidence that others see us as we see ourselves
role confusion exists if you lack identity
strength of this stage = fidelity |
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Term
| Marcia's Identity Statuses = important characteristics |
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Definition
exploration- choosing various alternatives
commitment- investment in a course of action or ideology |
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Term
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Definition
no commitment, no exploration
constantly shift from one thing to the next
carefree, but they lack close relationships = socially withdrawn |
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Term
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Definition
No exploration, have commitment
accept other people's decisions about what is best for them( set on one idea)
fear rejection, need social approval |
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Term
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Definition
have exploration, no commitment
experience anxiety
eventually settle
ex: junior in college changes majors a lot |
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Term
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Definition
both commitment and exploration
psychologically healthy
more driven, score high on moral reasoning |
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Term
| Brown's Four Roles of peers |
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Definition
1. provide information and support
2. support for changes in school
3. provide a mirror ( help define who you are)
4. provide sounding board (experiment/ explore new things with them) |
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Term
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Definition
Does not really end where Piaget thought
- more advanced form of cognition
- consider 2 opposite sides of an argument at the same time and then integrate them into a new idea |
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Term
| Schaie's stages of Adult development |
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Definition
- Acquisitive Stage- must learn how things work in childhood and adolescents
- Achieving stage- intelligence is applied to specific situations regarding retainment of long term goals |
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Term
| Erikson's Intimacy vs. Isolation |
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Definition
intimacy- the capacity to commit to a relationship without losing your own identity
strength = LOVE |
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