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Unit 3
vocab
130
English
9th Grade
01/05/2016

Additional English Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Affirm
Definition
To indicate to be true; state with certainty. example: The witness ____ in court that he had seen the defendant commit the robbery.
Term
Alleged
Definition
Supposed to be real or true, but not proved; assumed. example: The ____ killer was never proven guilty in court, but many people believe he committed the murder.
Term
Allude
Definition
To refer indirectly. Ex: Tracy ____ed to Santiago's weight gain by calling him "Santa".
Term
Coerce
Definition
To force; compel. ex: To ___ the general into giving up, the rebels kidnapped his daughter.
Term
Elite
Definition
Being or intended for the best of most privileged; superior. Ex: The ___ neighborhood in town is surrounded by a high fence and has a guard at its gates.
Term
Essence
Definition
A fundamental characteristic or the most important quality of something; the heart of a matter. ex: Trust is the ___ in a good relationship; without it, the relationship won't last.
Term
Immunity
Definition
Freedom from something unpleasant or something required of others. ex: When the actor punched a police officer, even his wealth and fame didn't get him ___ in jail.
Term
Impair
Definition
To damage; weaken. ex: The auto accident ____ed my ability to walk, leaving me with a limp.
Term
Query
Definition
To question; ask. ex: If no printed schedule is available, please ___ the person at the information booth to learn the time of your train's arrival or departure.
Term
Sadistic
Definition
Taking pleasure from being cruel. ex: Cats seem to be naturally ___. Instead of killing their victims quickly, they like to make the process slow and drawn-out.
Term
Plausible
Definition
Believable; appearing truthful or reasonable.
ex: Was Buck's excuse for being late ___? Or did he tell you some unbelievable story?
Term
Provoke
Definition
To stir up anger or resentment.
ex: My father is slow to anger, but this morning my sister's wisecracks began to ___ him.
Term
Recur
Definition
To occur again; happen repeatedly.
ex: Five-year-old Arnie's nightmare of ghosts chasing him tends to ___ at least once a week.
Term
Reprimand
Definition
A formal criticism; a harsh scolding.
ex: If a boss wants to criticize a worker, the union requires that the ___ be written.
Term
Revoke
Definition
To take away or cancel.
ex: To avoid having his driver's license ___, Art paid the $467 he owed for all of his speeding tickets.
Term
Ridicule
Definition
To make fun of; mock.
ex: Eugene knew his friends would ___ him for wearing a shirt and shorts with two different plaids, but he had no other clean clothes to wear.
Term
Shrewd
Definition
Clever; tricky.
ex: Sherry is a ___ chess player. She always surprises her opponents with clever winning moves.
Term
Skeptical
Definition
Doubting; questioning
ex: Vanessa's family is so rich that she is ___ about any man who asks her out. She wonders if he's interested in her or her money.
Term
Stereotype
Definition
A commonly accepted image that is oversimplified, with no individually taken into account; label; generalization.
ex: Because not all members of a group are alike, ___s lead to inaccurate judgments of people.
Term
Tactic
Definition
A means to reach a goal; method.
ex: The best ___ for keeping young children from fighting is to separate them.
Term
Consequence
Definition
A result.
ex: As a ___ of her heavy spending at the mall, Lily was short of cash until her next paycheck.
Term
Destiny
Definition
Something bound to happen to someone; fate.
ex: Believing in fate, the soldier wondered if his ___was to die in the coming battle.
Term
Detain
Definition
To delay; keep from continuing.
ex: ___ed at home by a friend in urgent need of advice, Gloria was late for work.
Term
Diminish
Definition
To lessen; decrease.
ex: I waited for my anger to ___ before discussing the problem with my boss.
Term
Procrastinate
Definition
To put off doing something until later.
ex: I can't ___ any longer. I must study tonight because the final exam is tomorrow morning.
Term
Simultaneous
Definition
Happening or done at the same time.
ex: In a fair race, all starts must be ___.
Term
Strategy
Definition
A method; overall plan.
ex: The general's ___ was so surround the enemy troops during the night.
Term
Tedious
Definition
Boring; uninteresting because of great length, slowness, or repetition.
ex: John found the homework assignment very ___; the questions were dull and repetitious.
Term
Transaction
Definition
A business deal or action; exchange of money, goods, or services.
ex: ___s at flea markets often involve bargaining.
Term
Vital
Definition
Necessary; extremely important.
ex: For Teresa to pass her math course, it is ___ that she pass the final exam.
Term
Judgment
Definition
A decision made by a court.
ex: The court will announce its ___.
Term
Jurisdiction
Definition
The power or right to make judgments about the law and to arrest and punish criminals.
ex: The court has ___ over criminal offences that occur in the county.
Term
Juror
Definition
A member of a jury.
ex: The ___ was excused from jury duty because of her chronic illness.
Term
Perjury
Definition
The crime of telling a lie in court after promising to tell the truth.
ex: After she lied on the witness stand, the judge found her guilty of ___.
Term
Prejudice
Definition
An unfair feeling of dislike for a person or group based on race, gender, religion, etc.
ex: The company has a history of ___ against women when promoting executives.
Term
Transaction
Definition
A business deal; an occurrence in which goods, services, or money are passed from one person or account to another; the act or process of doing business with another person or company.
ex: The entire business ___ took place over the phone.
Term
Transform
Definition
To change something completely and usually in a good way.
ex: New paint and flooring can ___ the look of any room.
Term
Transition
Definition
A change from one state or condition to another.
ex: She isn't quite ready to begin the ___ from Kindergarten to first grade.
Term
Automatic
Definition
Having controls that allow something to work or happen without being directly controlled by a person; happening or done without deliberate though tor effort.
ex: When I asked to go to the party, Mom gave an ___ "no."
Term
Autonomy
Definition
The state of existing or acting separately from others.
ex: Mrs. Dell stresses individual ___ in the fifth grade.
Term
Discriminate
Definition
To see differences; distinguish.
ex: It's easy to ___ between canned and fresh vegetables--fresh vegetables taste much better.
Term
Dismal
Definition
Gloomy; cheerless; depressing.
Ex: Tyrell was disappointed by the ___ news that his knee injury would keep him off the football team for a whole semester.
Term
Dispense
Definition
To give out in portions or amounts.
ex: The broken soda machine ___ed either a cup or soda, but not both together.
Term
Profound
Definition
Deeply felt.
ex: Ever since her stepfather insulted her mother, Serena has had a ___ hatred of him.
Term
Severity
Definition
The condition or quality of being severe; harshness; intensity; seriousness.
ex: The ___ of the fire could be seen in the burned, smoking ruins of the once beautiful building.
Term
Site
Definition
The past, present, or future location of a building or buildings or an event.
ex: The oldest private home in the New England town was named a historical ___.
Term
Subside
Definition
To become less active; calm down; decrease.
ex: When I'm really furious, a walk around the block makes my anger ___.
Term
Summon
Definition
To send for; order to appear.
ex: When the king couldn't sleep, he would ___ the court clown to come and entertain him.
Term
Theoretical
Definition
About or based on theory (as opposed to practice or practical use); based on a possible explanation; hypothetical.
ex: The teacher explained the ___ basis for the chemistry experiment so the class would understand why it worked as it did.
Term
Vocation
Definition
A profession or occupation.
ex: Raising collies was just a hobby for Louise. Her ___ was library science.
Term
Ascend
Definition
To go up; rise; climb.
ex: The express elevator ___s directly from the hotel lobby to the restaurant on the twentieth floor.
Term
Finite
Definition
Having limits; limited.
ex: The earth's supply of natural resources is ___. If we are not careful, we will use it up.
Term
Infinite
Definition
Without Limits; endless.
ex: Some scientists do not believe the universe is ___; they think it actually has limits.
Term
Inflict
Definition
To give up or cause (pain or hardship).
ex: Loud music can eventually ___ permanent damage on your hearing.
Term
Ingenious
Definition
Clever; Inventive.
ex: Fran thought she had an ___ plan to sneak out of the house, but it wasn't clever enough to fool her grandmother.
Term
Initiate
Definition
To begin something; start.
ex: True leaders ___ new practices, rather than simply following other people's programs.
Term
Literally
Definition
According to the exact meaning of the words.
ex: When I told my nephew to "go fly a kite," I was speaking ___. She was sure she saw his eyes, nose, and mouth up there.
Term
Lure
Definition
To attract by tempting.
ex: The bakery ___ed customers by displaying richly decorated cakes and cookies in its windows.
Term
Mania
Definition
Extreme enthusiasm; obsession; fascination.
ex: Because he's so thin, you'd never guess Ken has a ___ for chocolate, which he eats daily.
Term
Nostalgia
Definition
Desire for something in the past; a feeling of pleasure, sadness, and longing when remembering something from the past.
ex: Music from the 1940s fills my grandparents with ___ because it reminds them of their carefree youth.
Term
Dismal
Definition
Very bad or poor; showing or causing unhappiness or sad feelings.
ex: The atmosphere in the church during the funeral was ___.
Term
Malfunction
Definition
To fail to function or work properly.
Ex: When a store's point-of-sale equipment ___s, no customers can be checked out.
Term
Malice
Definition
A desire to cause harm to others.
ex: The prosecutor had to prove that the crime was committed with ___.
Term
Malignant
Definition
Very serious and dangerous; tending or likely to grow and spread in a rapid and uncontrolled way that can cause death; cancerous.
ex: A biopsy can determine if a tumor is ___ and needs treatment.
Term
Malnourish
Definition
Provide with insufficient quality or quantity of food or nourishment.
ex: Sometimes and animal will ___ its young.
Term
Interfere
Definition
To become involved in the activities and concerns of other people when your involvement is not wanted; to stop or slow something or to make something more difficult.
ex: My brother wants to constantly ___ with my life!
Term
Interim
Definition
Used or accepted for a limited time, not permanent.
ex: Since the mayor resigned, an ___ mayor will have to take over until a new mayor can be elected.
Term
Interstate
Definition
Relating to or connecting different states; existing or occurring between states, especially in the US.
ex: The committee discussed ways to increase ___ commerce.
Term
Intrastate
Definition
Existing or occurring within the boundaries or a state, especially in the US.
Ex: The governor is attempting to promote ___ relations.
Term
Intrastate
Definition
Existing or occurring within the boundaries or a state, especially in the US.
Ex: The governor is attempting to promote ___ relations.
Term
Intrapersonal
Definition
Occurring within ones mind or thoughts.
ex: My emotions tend to remain ___.
Term
Data
Definition
Information gathered for a study or a decision.
ex: Jane Goodall collected important ___ on chimpanzees by observing them in the wild.
Term
Inept
Definition
Clumsy; unskillful.
ex: I am so ___ at carpentry that in my hand, a hammer is a dangerous weapon.
Term
Innate
Definition
Possessed at birth; inborn.
ex: Rick's musical ability must be ___. Even as a young child, he could play the piano by ear and make up his own songs.
Term
Intervene
Definition
To come between in order to influence an action, an argument, etc.
ex: When my brothers argue, I get out of the way rather than trying to ___.
Term
Lament
Definition
To express sorrow for or about; mourn for.
ex: When her mother died, Evelyn ___ed her passing for weeks, crying everyday.
Term
Morbid
Definition
Shocking and disgusting; horrible; gruesome.
ex: Great comedians can turn a topic as ___ as murder into a source of laughter.
Term
Obstinate
Definition
Stubborn.
ex: My father is usually very ___, but not with his sister, who is even more stubborn than he is.
Term
Parallel
Definition
The same distance apart at every point.
ex: ___ lines run alongside each other but never meet.
Term
Perceptive
Definition
Understanding and insightful; observant; aware.
ex: Professor Banks is very ___. She always seems to know which of her students are under unusual stress.
Term
Sedate
Definition
Calm and dignified; serious and unemotional.
ex: An experienced surgeon, Dr. Greenbaum remains ___ even in an emergency, performing the most complicated operations with complete self-control.
Term
Controversy
Definition
A debate; an argument; discussion of an important issue with opposing views.
ex: Our class is studying the ___ over whether or not the death penalty should exist.
Term
Deduction
Definition
A conclusion reached through reasoning.
ex: When the dog barked, I figured he had to go out again. But my ___ was incorrect -- he was barking at a raccoon in our trash can.
Term
Dimensions
Definition
Measurements in width, length, and sometimes depth.
ex: The pool's ___ were odd- its length and width were huge, yet it wasn't deep.
Term
Disperse
Definition
To break up and spread out; scatter.
ex: The basketball landed in the midst of some pigeons, causing them to ___ in all directions.
Term
Distort
Definition
To misrepresent; tell in an untrue or misleading way.
ex: Don't believe everything you hear-- people often ___ facts when they gossip.
Term
Dominant
Definition
Having or using the most control or influence.
ex: Mr. Rodriguez may be quiet, but he's the ___ person in his office. No one questions his authority.
Term
Sequence
Definition
The order in which one thing follows another.
ex: The code's ___ was essential: 342 would turn off the alarm, but 432 or 234 would not.
Term
Sophisticated
Definition
Wise about the ways of the world; knowledgeable; experienced.
ex: Don't let the professor's simple clothes manner fool you. When it comes to teaching and science, he's very ___.
Term
Treacherous
Definition
Disloyal; traitorous.
ex: I felt it was ___ of my friend Juan to go out with my old girlfriend the day after she and I broke up.
Term
Trivial
Definition
Unimportant; not significant.
ex: When I'm nervous, it helps me to concentrate on some ___ activity, such as washing dishes or watching a game show.
Term
Inspect
Definition
To look at something carefully in order to learn more about it or find flaws or problems; to officially visit a school, hospital, or the like to see if rules and/or laws are being followed.
ex: Tomorrow, the principal will ___ students' lockers.
Term
Perspective
Definition
A way of thinking about and understanding something such as a particular issue or life in general.
ex: Molly asked for Jim's ___ on the reasons for going to war.
Term
Prospect
Definition
The possibility that something will happen in the future; an opportunity for something to happen.
ex: They are disturbed by the ___ of losing electrical power for several days following the hurricane.
Term
Spectator
Definition
A person who watches an event, show, game, or activity, sometimes as part of an audience.
ex: Hundreds of ___s waited for the parade to begin.
Term
Speculate
Definition
To consider something and make guesses about it; to form ideas or theories about something when there are many things not knows about it.
ex: It's difficult to ___ about what the criminal was thinking.
Term
Anonymous
Definition
Not named or identified; made or done by someone unknown; not distinct or noticeable.
ex: An ___ donor gave enough money for the toddler to have the surgery she needed.
Term
Anarchy
Definition
A situation of confusion and wild behavior in which the people in a country, group, organization, etc. are not controlled by rules or laws.
ex: With the substitute teacher here, there was ___ in the classroom.
Term
Apathy
Definition
The feeling of not having much emotion or interest. My brother showed total ___ about my problems in school.
Term
Anemia
Definition
A condition in which a person has fewer red blood cells that normal and feels very weak and tired.
ex: The boy missed a lot of school because he suffered from ___.
Term
Athiest
Definition
A person who does not believe that God exists.
ex: Nick was an ___ before he changed his beliefs and converted to Christianity.
Term
Survival
Definition
The state or fact of continuing to live or exist, especially in spit of difficult conditions.
ex: The probability of ___ is higher than ever for cancer patients.
Term
Vitality
Definition
A lively or energetic quality; the power or ability of something to continue to live, be successful, etc.
Ex: Frequent exercise will improve your ___.
Term
Vital
Definition
Absolutely necessary or important; essential.
ex: The nurse played a ___ role in the man's recovery.
Term
Vitamin
Definition
A natural substance that is usually found in foods that helps your body to be healthy; a pill containing ___s.
ex: Many breakfast cereals are fortified with ___s.
Term
Vivacious
Definition
Happy and lively in a way that is attractive.
ex: The contestant's ___ personality shone through and was reflected in the judges' scores.
Term
Synthesis
Definition
Something that is made by combining different substances; not natural.
ex: The fabric on my dress is ___.
Term
Synagogue
Definition
A building where people gather for Jewish religious services.
ex: Carly attends services at the ___ with her family twice weekly.
Term
Symposium
Definition
A formal meeting at which experts discuss a particular topic.
ex: Many doctors attended the ___ on thyroid cancer.
Term
Sympathy
Definition
The feeling that you care about and are sorry about someone else's trouble, grief, or misfortune.
ex: A best friend will always be there with ___ when you need someone.
Term
Confirm
Definition
To support; show the truth of; verify.
ex: "Yes, it's true," the manager said ___ the report that his star player had asked to be traded to another team.
Term
Deceptive
Definition
Misleading; intended or intending to deceive.
ex: The seeming ease with which Naomi plays the piano is ___. Actually, she practices four hours each day.
Term
Defy
Definition
To boldly oppose; openly resist; stand up to.
ex: The automotive plant workers voted to ___ the company and go on strike.
Term
Restrain
Definition
To hold back from action.
ex: Deion was so angry that he had ___ him by force from punching Neal.
Term
Seclusion
Definition
The condition of being apart or far from others; isolation.
ex: I work best in ___, where no one can interrupt the flow of my thoughts.
Term
Submit
Definition
To give in to another's authority or will; yield.
ex: For reasons of security, travelers must ___ to having their luggage inspected at airports.
Term
Susceptible
Definition
Likely to be affected with or influenced; likely to be infected.
ex: People who smoke are more ___ to colds than others.
Term
Transmit
Definition
To communicate; pass or spread (information, an illness, etc.)
ex: Emergency messages were ___ed over all the city's radio stations.
Term
Valid
Definition
Firmly based on facts or logic; logical; based on good reasons.
ex: The research study was not ___ because much pf the "evidence" had been made up by the researcher.
Term
Vigorous
Definition
Lively; energetic; strong.
ex: My eight-year-old grandmother is still ___ enough to walk five miles every day.
Term
Accelerate
Definition
To speed up.
ex: The sleds began sliding down the hill slowly and then ___ed to top speed.
Term
Adverse
Definition
Harmful; unfavorable.
ex: ___ newspaper reviews persuaded many people not to see the violent new movie.
Term
Advocate
Definition
A supporter; someone who argues for a cause.
ex: Our mayor is a strong ___ of a drug-free America. He often mentions it in his talks to different civic groups.
Term
Audible
Definition
Able to be heard.
ex: Dogs, bats, and other animals can hear high-pitched sounds that are not ___ to humans.
Term
Coherent
Definition
Organized in a logical and orderly way.
ex: To be sure that your essay has a ___ organization, write an outline first.
Term
Comparable
Definition
Similar; able to be compared.
ex: Since the quality of low-mileage used cars is often ___ to that of brand-new ones, my parents never buy new ones.
Term
Competent
Definition
Capable; well qualified; skilled.
ex: To be a ___ juggler takes a lot of practice.
Term
Consecutive
Definition
Following one after another without interruption.
ex: The reporters would work nights for two ___ weeks, and then they'd work days for a month straight.
Term
Conspicuous
Definition
Obvious; easily noticed.
ex: Nina's wide-trimmed red hat is so ___ that it's impossible not to catch sight of her in a crowd.
Term
Deteriorate
Definition
To become worse; become weaker or damaged.
ex: Over many years, the abandoned house had ___ed until its walls crumbled and its floorboards creaked.
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