Eukaryotic Cells

• either unicellular or multicellular
• larger and more complex
• genetic material in nucleus
• plants, animals, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes
• can be more specialized
• membrane-bound organelle

Prokaryotic Cells

• smaller and simpler
• no nucleus
• bacteria are prokaryotes
• genetic material (DNA/RNA) not in nucleus
• unicellular/unicellular in groups

Characteristics of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

• DNA/RNA
• cell membrane
• can grow, reproduce, respond to environment
• cytoplasm
• ribosomes
• some prokaryotes can have cell walls

Cell theory

• All living things are composed of cells
• Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
• New cells are produced from existing cells

 Plant Cells have:

• cell wall
• chloroplasts
• larger central vacuoles
• more structured shapes

Animal Cells have:

• centrioles
• smaller vacuoles- nucleus is typically in the center

Both Plant and Animal Cells have:

• cell membrane
• are both eukaryotes
• membrane-bound organelles
• ribosomes
• vacuoles
• DNA/RNA
• cytoplasm
• lysosomes

Nucleus

• control center of the cell
• stores DNA (often as chromatin)
• Nucleolus-contains info to make ribosomes 
• Nuclear envelope- allows molecules to move in and out 

Ribosomes

• make proteins
• some float freely in cytoplasm
• others attachto rough endoplasmic reticulum

Endoplasmic Reticulum

• maze of passageways
• carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another
• Rough ER: transports, makes proteins
• Smooth ER: has enzymes that produce membrane lipids

Golgi apparatus

• sorts and packages proteins and lipids made in ER
• sends them to different parts of cell in secretory vesicles

Lysosome

• contains chemicals that break down food particles and worn-out cell parts
• break down old cellparts so they can be reused