Two maps show a top-down view of a mountain before and after a sudden geological event in 1980 changed the shape of the mountain. The topographic maps show the appearance of Earth’s surface before and after the event.

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Which conclusion about the resulting changes to Earth’s surface is supported by evidence from the maps?

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The following question has two parts. First, answer part A. Then, answer part B.

Part A

The two satellite images show the changes over time to an area where a river flows into a body of water. The location of a specific change is marked by an arrow.

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Select the two constructive geologic processes that caused the change marked by the arrow.

Part B

Which graph supports the response in Part A by correctly comparing the average water velocity measured in meters per second (m/s) of the river to the body of water at the location marked by the arrow?

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Two rocks of similar size and shape are shown. One is granite, an igneous rock, while the other is sandstone, a sedimentary rock.

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Select “None,” “Some” or “Much” to show the amount of weathering of these two rocks after each has experienced 1,000 years of the same environmental conditions.

The topographic map shows several features associated with the river, which is shown in blue.

• Move only two labels into each box.

• You do not need to use all the labels.

A. How does temperature affect the degree of weathering?

B. How do freeze-thaw cycles affect different types of rocks?

C. How does the amount of water present during a freeze-thaw cycle affect the degree of weathering?

Part B

Click on the blank boxes in the table and select the variables to complete the setup for each container to answer the question that you identified in Part A.

• There may be more than one correct answer.

A. Rocks with metamorphic rock weather more quickly than sedimentary rocks.

B. Rocks with gaps and cracks weather more quickly than rocks with smooth surfaces.

C. Rocks without minerals weather more quickly than rocks made up of many minerals.

D. Rocks that are buried deep underground weather more quickly than rocks at the surface.

A. tectonic rifting

B. glacial advance

C. volcanic activity

D. sediment deposition

Glacial and volcanic processes have helped shape the landscape in Yosemite Valley.

Select the boxes to classify each Yosemite Valley feature as the result of either glacial or volcanic processes.

The diagram shows a landscape that includes several glacial moraines deposited during a single glacial event. The moraines are labeled.

Select all of the labels on the diagram that show the moraines that formed as the glacier advanced.

Which moraine formed when the glacier reached its maximum advance?

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A. J

B. K

C. L

D. M

Which statement describes what happened after the glacier reached the location you identified in the previous question?

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A. The melting ice caused the glacier to retreat.

B. The moraine moved with the glacier through the landscape.

C. The glacier advanced farther as the amount of ice increased.

D. The glacier was blocked from moving forward by the moraine.

Bryce Canyon National Park in Utah is famous for having many formations called hoodoos. Hoodoos are tall structures made of sedimentary rock. The Hoodoo Formation diagram shows the processes that create these unique rock structures.

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Select the two main geological processes that create the hoodoos.

The diagram shows a river that is carrying sediment into an ocean.

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What will happen to most of the sediment being transported by the river water when it first enters the ocean at Location T in the diagram?

A. Most of the sediment will erode beaches.

B. Most of the sediment will dissolve in the water.

C. Most of the sediment will be evenly distributed throughout the ocean.

D. Most of the sediment will collect near the mouth of the river near the shore.