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| an uprising in 1676 in the Virginia Colony in North America, led by a 29-year-old planter, Nathaniel Bacon. |
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| was a dramatically widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations (including slaves), communicable disease, and ideas between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. |
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| was a colony in which one or more individuals, usually land owners, remaining subject to their parent state's sanctions, retained rights that are today regarded as the privilege of the state, and in all cases eventually became so. |
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| Allowed the toleration of religious freedom in Maryland. |
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| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut |
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| adopted by the Connecticut Colony council on January 14, 1639 OS (January 24, 1639 NS). The orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers. |
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| a Christian revitalization movement that swept Protestant Europe and British America, and especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. |
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| a legal grant of land to settlers. Headrights are most notable for their role in the expansion of the thirteen British colonies in North America; the Virginia Company of London gave headrights to settlers, and the Plymouth Company followed suit. |
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| he historical practice of contracting to work for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities during the term of indenture. |
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| Massachusetts Bay Company |
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| an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century, in New England, situated around the present-day cities of Salem and Boston. |
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| a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts, between February 1692 and May 1693. |
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| was an English leader of settlers at Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts. He served as governor there for over 30 years after the previous governor, John Carver died. His journal (1620–1647) was published as Of Plymouth Plantation. Bradford is credited as the first civil authority to designate what popular American culture now views as Thanksgiving in the United States. |
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| a business entity which is owned by shareholders. Each shareholder owns the portion of the company in proportion to his or her ownership of the company's shares (certificates of ownership). |
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| a colony ruled or administered by officials appointed by and responsible to the reigning sovereign of the parent state. |
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| the Age of Reason, 18th-century philosophical movement that emphasized the use of scientific inquiry and reason (most commonly associated with Locke, Descartes, Newton, and Rousseau) |
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| is a historical term indicating (trade) among three ports or regions. Triangular trade usually evolves when a region has export commodities that are not required in the region from which its major imports come. Triangular trade thus provides a method for rectifying trade imbalances between the above regions. |
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| as an attempt by the Religious Society of Friends or (Quakers) to establish a community for themselves in Pennsylvania. |
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| was an uprising in late 17th century colonial New York, in which German American merchant and militia captain Jacob Leisler seized control of the colony's south and ruled it from 1689 to 1691 |
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| was a form of partial church membership created by New England in 1662. It was promoted in particular by the Reverend Solomon Stoddard, who felt that the people of the English colonies were drifting away from their original religious purpose. |
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| the 16th-century schism within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. It was sparked by the 1517 posting of Luther's Ninety-five theses. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to ("protested") the doctrines, rituals, and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led to the creation of new national Protestant churches. |
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| was a wealthy English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the first major settlement in New England after Plymouth Colony |
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| as an administrative union of English colonies in the New England region of North America. The dominion was ultimately a failure because the area it encompassed (from the Delaware River in the south to Penobscot Bay in the north), composed of present-day Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey, was too large for a single governor to manage. |
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| Society of Friends, Religious Society of Friends, Christian sect founded in England around 1660 by George Fox having no formal sacraments or priesthood and opposing violence |
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| first successful English settlement in North America |
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| was the first assembly of elected representatives of English colonists in North America. The House was established by the Virginia Company, who created the body as part of an effort to encourage English craftsmen to settle in North America and to make conditions in the colony more agreeable for its current inhabitants |
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| (1591-1643) USA settler and religious leader, Puritan settler in the New World who was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for promoting religious heresy |
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| agreement created in 1620 by the passengers on the Mayflower that established the first local government system in the New World |
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| one who is strict on religious issues; one who is strict on moral issues; one who supports modesty and simplicity |
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| he name for the North American theater of the Seven Years' War. The war was fought primarily between the colonies of Great Britain and New France, with both sides supported by military troops from Europe. In 1756, the war erupted into the world-wide conflict involving Britain and France. |
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| issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War. The purpose of the proclamation was to organize Great Britain's new North American empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier. |
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| known as the American Revenue Act or the American Duties Act, was a revenue-raising act passed by the Parliament of Great Britain on April 5, 1764. |
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| a political group made up of American patriots that originated in the pre-independence North American British colonies. |
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| a series of laws passed beginning in 1767 by the Parliament of Great Britain relating to the British colonies in North America. |
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| Massachusetts Circular Letter |
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| a statement written by Samuel Adams and passed by the Massachusetts House of Representatives in February 1768 in response to the Townshend Acts. |
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| he Incident on King Street by the British, was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers killed five civilian men. British troops had been stationed in Boston, capital of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, since 1768 in order to protect and support crown-appointed colonial officials attempting to enforce unpopular Parliamentary legislation. Amid ongoing tense relations between the population and the soldiers, a mob formed around a British sentry, who was subjected to verbal abuse and harassment. He was eventually supported by eight additional soldiers, who were subjected to verbal threats and thrown objects. They fired into the crowd, without orders, instantly killing three people and wounding others. |
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| essay by Thomas Paine that detailed Britain's unjust treatment of the American colonies and called for American independence |
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| first continental congress |
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| a convention of delegates from twelve British North American colonies that met on September 5, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, early in the American Revolution. |
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| second continental congress |
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| a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting on May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after warfare in the American Revolutionary War had begun. It succeeded the First Continental Congress, which met between September 5, 1774 and October 26, 1774, also in Philadelphia |
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| conclusively decided the fate of British General John Burgoyne's army in the American War of Independence and are generally regarded as a turning point in the war |
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| signed on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain on one side and the United States of America and its allies on the other |
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| an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States, passed July 13, 1787. The primary effect of the ordinance was the creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory of the United States out of the region south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River. |
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| proposed by Benjamin Franklin at the Albany Congress in 1754 in Albany, New York. It was an early attempt at forming a union of the colonies "under one government as far as might be necessary for defense and other general important purposes" during the French and Indian War. |
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| any legislation that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents. Those that pay the tax receive an official stamp on their documents, making them legal documents. |
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| commonly known as the Declaratory Act, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain, which accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act 1765. Parliament repealed the Stamp Act because boycotts were hurting British trade and used the declaration to justify the repeal and save face. The declaration stated that Parliament's authority was the same in America as in Britain and asserted Parliament's authority to pass laws that were binding on the American colonies |
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| are names used to describe a series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain's colonies in North America. |
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| event which occurred on the 16th of December 1773 in which American Colonists stormed British ships and threw chests of tea into Boston Harbor in protest of British taxation policies |
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| as an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain (citation 14 Geo. III c. 83) setting procedures of governance in the Province of Quebec. |
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| Battle of Lexington and Concord |
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| the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. They were fought on April 19, 1775, in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy (present-day Arlington), and Cambridge, near Boston. The battles marked the outbreak of open armed conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and its thirteen colonies in the mainland of British North America. |
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| American army during the American Revolution |
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| a battle during the Peninsula campaign of the American Civil War |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| preliminary constitution of the United States in effect between 1781-1789 (replaced by the current U.S. Constitution in 1789) |
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