Shared Flashcard Set

Details

UNIT 1 MUSCLES
Unit 1 PTAP 125 Winter 2010
49
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/28/2010

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
MUSCLE FIBER IS COMPOSED OF
Definition
myofibrils
Term
MYOFIBRILS ARE COMPOSED OF
Definition
tiny filaments called microfilaments
Term
MICROFILAMENTS ARE COMPOSED OF
Definition
some are composed of the protein action (thin filament) or the protein myosin (thick filament)
Term
CAUSE OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Definition
actin and myosin crossbridges
Term
CAUSE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE "STRIATED" LOOK
Definition
alternating actin and myosin filaments
Term
SARCOMERE
Definition
myofibril located between two Z lines
Term
Z LINES
Definition
point where actin filaments are linked together
Term
ELASTICITY
Definition
ability to return to original length after the removal of a deforming force
Term
ORIGIN
Definition
more stationary attachment site of a muscle to a bone; usually more proximal
Term
INSERTION
Definition
more mobile attachment site of muscle to a bone; usually more distal
Term
THE AMOUNT OF TENSION (FORCE) THAT A MUSCLE IS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING IS DEPENDS UPON ITS
Definition
length
Term
AT AN OPTIMAL LENGTH, ACTION AND MYOSIN ARE POSITIONED
Definition
so that the maximum number of crossbridges may be formed
Term
ACTIVE INSUFFICIENCY
Definition
inability of a muscle which spans two or more joints, to exert enough tension and shorten sufficienty to cause a full range of movements in all joints at the same time; muscle can not shorten sufficiently
Term
PASSIVE INSUFFICIENCY
Definition
inability of a muscle which spans two or more joints to be lengthened sufficiently to produce a full range of motion in all the joints simultaneously; muscle cannot lengthen sufficiently
Term
LONG, THINS PARALLEL FIBERS RUNNING THE ENTIRE LENGTH OF THE MUSCLE
Definition
strap
Term
PARALLEL FIBERS THAT ARE WODER IN THE MIDDLE ANF TAPER TOWARD THE TENDONS
Definition
fusiform
Term
FOUR SIDED QUADRILATERAL WITH BROAD ATTACHEMNTS AT EACH END
Definition
rhomboidal
Term
FAN SHAPED WITH FIBERS RADIATING FROM A NARROW ATTACHMENT SITE AT ONE END AND A BROAD ATTACHMENT AT THE OTHER
Definition
triangular
Term
FIBERS RUN OBLIQUELY TOWARD THE CENTRAL TENDON
Definition
pennate
Term
LOOKS LIKE ONE SIDE OF A FEATHER; FIBERS OBLIQUELY ATTACH TO ONE SIDE OF A CENTRAL TENDON
Definition
unipennate
Term
LOOKS LIKE BOTH SIDES OF A FEATHER, FIBERS OBLIQUELY ATTACH TO BOTH SIDES OF A CENTRAL TENDON
Definition
bipennate
Term
LOOKS LIKE MULTIPLE FEATHERS, FIBERS OBLIQUELY ATTACH TO BOTH SIDES OF MULTIPLE CENTRAL TENDONS
Definition
multipennate
Term
ISOMETRIC
Definition
muscle the produces a force while maintaining a constant length
Term
CONCENTRIC
Definition
muscle produces a force while shortening in length
Term
ECCENTRIC
Definition
muscle produces a force while elongating in length
Term
THREE FIBER TYPES IN SKELETAL MUSCLE
Definition
Type I (Slow Twitch Oxidative - SO)
Type II (Fast Twitch Glycolytic - FG)
Type IIa (Fast Twitch Oxidative Glyoclytic - FOG)
Term
TYPE OF MUSCLE THAT RESPONDS RAPIDLY TO STIMULI BUT ALSO FATIQUE QUICKLY
Definition
FO & FOG
Term
STABLILITY, POSTURAL OR TONIC MUSCLES
Definition
SO fibers
Term
MOBILIT, NONPOSTURAL OR PHASIC MUSCLES
Definition
FG & FOG
Term
DIAMETER OF SO
Definition
small
Term
DIAMETER OF FG
Definition
large
Term
DIAMETER OF FOG
Definition
intermediate
Term
COLOR OF SO MUSCLES
Definition
red
Term
COLOR OF FG MUSCLES
Definition
white
Term
COLOR OF FOG MUSCLES
Definition
red
Term
AMOUNT OF CAPILLARIES IN SO MUSCLES
Definition
dense
Term
AMOUNT OF CAPILLARIES IN FG MUSCLES
Definition
sparse
Term
AMOUNT OF CAPILLARIES IN FOG MUSCLES
Definition
dense
Term
SPEED OF CONTRACTION OF SO MUSCLES
Definition
slow
Term
SPEED OF CONTRACTION OF FG MUSCLES
Definition
fast
Term
SPEED OF CONTRACTION OF FOG MUSCLES
Definition
fast
Term
RATE OF RATIQUE FOR SO MUSCLES
Definition
slow
Term
RATE OF RATIQUE FOR FG MUSCLES
Definition
fast
Term
RATE OF RATIQUE FOR FOG MUSCLES
Definition
intermediate
Term
AGONIST
Definition
prime mover, muscle or group of muscles responsible for producing a desired action
Term
ANTAGONIST
Definition
muscle or group of muscles that have the opposite action of the agonist
Term
CO-CONTRACTION
Definition
contraction of the agoinst and antagonist to stabilize the joint
Term
SYNERGISTS
Definition
muscles that cooperate with the agonist to perfom a desired action
Term
FORCE - COUPLE
Definition
formed when two muscles contact simultaneously to prodice forces with opposite linear direction but with the same torque direction
Supporting users have an ad free experience!