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U2 vocab
unit 2 vocabulary
43
Biology
9th Grade
10/21/2010

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Term
Volume
Definition
The amount of stuff in an object
Term
Matter
Definition
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Term
Solid
Definition
Has a fixed shape and a fixed volume
Term
Liquid
Definition
Has no fixed shape but has a fixed volume
Term
Gas
Definition
Has no fixed shape and no fixed volume
Term
Ion
Definition
A charged atom that happens because of the loss or gain of an electron
Term
Atom
Definition
The most basic unit of matter
Term
Neutron
Definition
A Neutral particle
IN the nucleus
Term
Proton
Definition
A Positively charged particle
IN the nucleus
Term
Electron
Definition
A Negatively charged particle
Outside the nucleus
Term
Element
Definition
A group of atoms where all atoms have the SAME number of PROTONS
Term
Chemical Bond
Definition
An attractive force between two atoms that holds them together
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
An attractive force between two atoms that comes from sharing electrons
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
An attractive force between two ions that comes from their opposite charges
Term
Chemical Reaction
Definition
A process that results in either the breaking down or building of a new substance
Term
Reactant
Definition
A substance that is used up in a chemical reaction
Term
Product
Definition
A substance that is made in a chemical reaction
Term
Compound
Definition
Something created by mixing two or more things
Term
Periodic Table
Definition
A table of elements that are sorted by their atomic numbers. (number of protons)
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
An organic molecule that contains only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Term
Disaccharide
Definition
Any class of sugars that are composed of 2 monosaccharide
Term
DNA
Definition
The chemical blueprint for all living things
Term
Fatty Acid
Definition
The basic unit of lipid molecules
Term
Lipid
Definition
A fat molecule
Term
Macromolecule
Definition
A giant molecule formed by joining together thousands of molecules
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
A compound made up of a long chain of molecules that carry codes for behavior
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
The basic unit of nucleic acid
Term
Organic
Definition
A type of substance made from living matter that also contains carbon
Term
Polysaccharide
Definition
A complex sugar
Term
Acid
Definition
A compound that transfers hydrogen ions to water.
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
A small, organic molecule that links with other amino acids in long chains to form proteins. It contains an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, and a side chain.
Term
Base
Definition
A compound that releases hydroxide in water.
Term
Catalyst
Definition
A substance that speeds up chemical reactions and does not get used up
Term
Dehydration
Definition
The process of removing hydration from something
Term
Hydrolysis
Definition
The process of hydrating something
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A protein that speeds up chemical reactions
Term
Protein
1. Fibrous
2. Globular
Definition
1. a protein that looks like a fiber and can be used for muscle tissue

2. a protein that is round in shape and can be used for hemoglobin
Term
Hydrogen Bond
Definition
A bond using polar attraction
Term
Peptide
Definition
A covalent bond between the amino acid molecules in a protein.
Term
pH Scale
Definition
A scale that compares acidity
Term
Polar Molecule
Definition
A molecule with and unbalanced charge, on end is more +/-
Term
Substrate
Definition
A material on which some process occurs.
Term
Monosaccharide
Definition
single sugar
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