Minocycline

Dynacin®, Minocin®, Solodyn®

Uses: Mod-Severe non-nodular acne, anthrax, rickettsiae, skin infxn, URI, UTI, nongonococcal urethritis, amebic dysentary, asymptomatic meningococcal carrier, Mycobacterium marinum

MOA: Tetracycline, bacteriostatic, ↓ protein synthesis

Dose: 200 mg, then 100 mg q12h or 100-200 mg, then 50 mg QID. Gonococcal urethritis, meningococcal: 100 mg q12h x 5 days. Syphilis: 200 mg, then 100 mg q12h x 5-10 days. M. marinum: 100 mg q12h x 6-8 wks. Uncomp urethral, endocervical, or rectal infxn: 100 mg q12h x 7 days min

Caution: D, -, Associated w/ pseudomembranous colitis, w/ renal impair, may ↓ OCP, or w/ warfarin may ↑ INR

CI: Allergy, women of childbearing potential

Disp: Tabs 50, 75, 100 mg; ER tabs (Solodyn) 45, 90, 135 mg; Caps (Minocin) 50, 100 mg; Susp 50 mg/mL

SE: D, HA, fever, rash, joint pain, fatigue, dizziness, photosens, hyperpigmentation, SLE synd, pseudotumor cerebri

Notes: Do not crush/cut/chew; keep away from children, tooth discoloration in <8 yrs or w/ use last half of PRG 

Trinessa

Phenazopyridine HCl

Pyridium®, Azo-Standard®, Urogesic®

Uses: Lower urinary tract irritation

MOA: Anesthetic on urinary tract mucosa

Dose: 100-200 mg PO TID, 2 days max w/ antibiotic for UTI, ↓ w/ renal insuff

Caution: B, ?, Hepatic dz

CI: Renal failure

Disp: Tabs 100, 200 mg

SE: GI disturbances, red-orange urine color (can stain clothing, contacts), HA, dizziness, acute renal failure, methemoglobinemia, tinting of sclera/skin

Notes: Take w/ food

Phenytoin sodium

Dilantin®

Uses: Seizure disorders

MOA: ↓ seizure spread in the motor cortex

Dose: Load: 15-20 mg/kg IV, 50 mg/min max or PO in 400 mg doses at 4 hr intervals. Maint: Initial 200 mg PO or IV BID or 300 mg HS then follow levels; Alternatively 5-7 mg/kg/d based on IBW ÷ daily-TID

Caution: D, +

CI: Heart block, sinus bradycardia

Disp: Dilantin Infatab: chew 50 mg; Dilantin/Phenytek caps 100 mg; ER caps 30, 100, 200, 300 mg; Susp 125 mg/5 mL; Inj 50 mg/mL

SE: Nystagmus/ataxia early signs of tox, gum hyperplasia w/ long-term use; IV: ↓ BP, ↓ HR, arrhythmias, phlebitis, peripheral neuropathy, rash, blood dyscrasias, SJS

Notes: Levels: Trough: Just before next dose. Therapeutic: 10-20 mcg/mL. Toxic: >20 mcg/mL. Phenytoin albumin bound, levels=bound & free phenytoin; w/ ↓ albumin & azotemia, low levels may be therapeutic (nl free levels); do not change dosage at intervals <7-10 d; hold tube feeds 1 hr before and after dose if using oral susp; avoid large dose ↑

Ketoconazole topical

Nizoral®, Extina®, Kuric®, Xolegel®

Uses: Topical for seborrheic dermatitis, shampoo for dandruff, local fungal infxns due to dermatophytes & yeast

MOA: Azole, ↓ fungal cell wall synth

Dose: Apply 1 to 2 times daily

Caution: C, +/-

CI: Broken/inflammed skin

Disp: Gel, Cream, Shampoo, Foam 2%; Shampoo 1%

SE: Irritation, pruritus, stinging

Notes: Do not dispense foam into hands

Hydroxyzine pamoate

Vistaril®

Uses: Anxiety, sedation, itching

MOA: Antihistamine, antianxiety

Dose: Anxiety/Sedation: 50-100 mg PO or IM QID or PRN (Max 600 mg/d). Itching: 25-50 mg PO or IM TID-QID; ↓ w/ hepatic impair

Caution: C, +/-, ↑ effects w/ CNS depressants, anticholinergics, EtOH

CI: Component sensitivity

Disp: Caps 25, 50 mg; Tabs 10, 25, 50 mg; Syrup 10 mg/5 mL; Susp 25 mg/5 mL; Inj 25, 50 mg/mL

SE: Drowsiness, anticholinergic effects

Notes: Used to potentiate narcotic effects; not for IV/SQ (thrombosis & digital gangrene possible)

Prednisolone sodium phosphate

Hydralazine

Aviane

Colchicine