Term
Aortic Valve Excursion
OR
Aortic Cusp Separation |
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Definition
| Distance between the valve leaflets during systole |
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| % of blood the ventricle pumps out with each beat |
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| Left Ventricular Inner Diameter |
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Routine Echo Exam, Evaluate LV function
Preferred method in echo |
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Cardiac Output
SVxHR in Liters Per Minute |
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21-37mm
Measured at end Diastole, first deflection of EKG |
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| 27-40mm, measured at end of Ventricular Systole |
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Ao Opening (ACS)
Aortic Valve Excursion |
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15-26mm
Distance between leaflets during systole, measure early as possible in systole |
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| Fractional Shortening (FS) |
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| LVIDd^2 - LVIDs^2 / LVIDd^2 |
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| Mitral Valve measurements taken in what 2 views? |
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MV
E Point Septal Separation (EPSS) |
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2-7mm
Distance from E point of the Anterior MV leaflet to lowest point of IVS |
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| Straight up from E point to the IVS of the mitral valve tracing. |
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D-E amplitude 18-28mm
Measures Distance of Anterior motion of the Anterior MV leaflet. Measured straight up from D point to E point of NV. D-E Amplitude DECREASES with MV stenosis |
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Left ventricular measurements
•Views taken with M-mode curser directly below the mitral valve leaflets
•Views of some chordae-tendinea may be unavoidable
•Where possible, care should be taken to not include the chords in your measurements.
•Draw a vertical line from the Q wave of the QRS complex down through the entire M-mode tracings.
•The following measurements can be made along the vertical line
•Right ventricle
–19-26 mm
•Measure the inner dimension of the right ventricle |
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7-11 mm
•Includes entire thickness of the septum
•Usually taken during diastole
•Systolic measurement may also be required |
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40-57mm
Measure the inner dimension of the LV |
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7-11mm
Measures the thickness of the posterior wall
The LVPW and IVS measurements should be about the same |
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| Left Ventricle inner dimension |
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Definition
20-40mm. Identify the greatest anterior motion of the posterior wall.•Draw a vertical line from the point identified.
•Measure :
–Inner dimension during systole
–Pulmonic valve M-mode tracing |
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| All the Labels on M-Mode MV tracing... |
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Definition
•“A” point
•Downward motion caused by atrial contraction
•Coincides with the “A” point
•Mitral valve M-mode
•“B” point
•Represents onset of RV systole
•Valve opening
•C” point
•Maximum opening of the valve leaflet
• “D” point
•The valve begins to close
•“E” point
•Complete closure of the valve
•“F” point
•Bulging of the valve just prior to atrial contraction |
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