Term
| vertebral anatomy: body: transverse and anteroposterior diameter |
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Definition
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: what are the 2 demifacets on the body for |
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Definition
| articulation with the ribs |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: body: where are the demifacets which articulate with the ribs? |
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Definition
| on the posterolateral corners of the body |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches (7) |
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Definition
pedicles
laminae
superior zygapophyeseal facet
inferior zygapophyseal facet
transverse process
spinous process
vertebral foramen |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches: shape of the pedicles |
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Definition
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches: shape of the laminae |
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Definition
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches: shape and orientation of the superior zygapophyseal facet |
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Definition
thin and flat
face poster superior and lateral |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches: orientation of the inferior zygapophyseal facet |
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Definition
| face anterior inferior and medial |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches: shape of the transverse processes |
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Definition
| large with oval facets for articulation with ribs |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches: spinous process shape |
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Definition
T1-T10 slop inferior
T11,T12 triangular shape |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: arches: vertebral foramen shape |
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Definition
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: purpose of the cosotubercular facets |
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Definition
| articulation with the tubercles of the ribs |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: purpose of the costocapitular demifacets |
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Definition
| articulation with the heads of the ribs |
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Term
| vertebral anatomy: demifacets are what type of facets |
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Definition
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Term
| structure: which are the transititional vertebrae |
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Definition
| T1 and T12 possessing cervical and lumbar characteristics respectively |
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Term
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Definition
cervical body shape
SP is long and prominent |
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Term
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Definition
| inferior zygapophyseal facets are lumbar like with convex surfaces that face anterolateral to articulate with the vertical concave posteromedial superior zygapophyseal L1 facet |
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Term
| Additional difference of T1, T10, T11, and T12 |
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Definition
| full costal facets rather than demi facets. ribs 1, 10, 11, and 12 only articulate with these facets |
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Term
| orientation of thoracic pedicles compared to cervical and lumbar |
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Definition
| posterior and laterally directed |
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Term
| the thoracic pedicles are posteriorly and laterally directed, what effect does this yidl |
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Definition
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Term
| shape of the thoracic vertebral bodies |
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Definition
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Term
| height of the vertebral body from posterior to anterior |
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Definition
| posterior height is greater than anterior |
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Term
| where is the peak height difference in the vertebral bodies |
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Definition
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Term
| the greater posterior height of the thoracic vertebral bodies yields what |
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Definition
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Term
| which plane doe the superior and inferior Zygopophyseal facets lie almost entirely in |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the structures on the thoracic vertebra that particpate in the joint of the head of the rib |
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Definition
body of vertebra superior to rib
IVD
body of vertebra of same number as rib |
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Term
| what are the structures involved in the costo transverse jt |
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Definition
transverse process of same number as rib
tubercle of rib |
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Term
| thoracic discs compared to C or L spine |
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Definition
similar in make up
shape is different |
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Term
| shape of Thoracic discs compared to C/L spine: ratio of disc size to vertebra |
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Definition
| less mobility more stability |
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Term
| size of thoracic discs compared to C/L spine |
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Definition
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Term
| shape of thoracic vertebra compared to C/L spine |
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Definition
wedge shaped
greater posterior height than anterior |
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Term
| role of the discs in the T spine compared to C/L spine |
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Definition
| T spine discs are considered primarily stabilizers |
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Term
| what allows for all the translations in the T spine |
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Definition
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Term
| the thoracic discs allows for _____ but to a small degree |
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Definition
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Term
| characteristics of the zygapophyseal jt: type of jt |
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Definition
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Term
| characteristics of the zygapophyseal jt: meniscoid type |
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Definition
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Term
| characteristics of the zygapophyseal jt: orientation |
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Definition
| 20 degrees off of the frontal plane |
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Term
| characteristics of the zygapophyseal jt: what motions does having the jt being 20 degrees off the frontal plane allow |
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Definition
| lateral flexion and rotation > flex/ext |
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Term
| characteristics of the zygapophyseal jt: jt capsule compared to C/L spine |
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Definition
| tighter jt capsule than in c spine/l spine |
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Term
| why is the T spine more stable than the C/L spine (5) |
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Definition
rib cage
spinous process
constrained jt capsules
ligamentum flavum
disc and body dimensions |
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Term
| why do the Thoracic spinous processes provide more stability |
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Definition
| inferior slope that overlaps one another |
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Term
| why does the ligamenum flavum give mroe stability in the T- spine |
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Definition
lies posterior
limits extension |
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Term
| Each thoracic vertebra articulates via a set of paired ribs via 2 jts: what are these jts |
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Definition
costovertebral
cosotransverse |
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Term
| Each Thoracic vertebra articulates with a set of paired ribs via 2 jts: what is the bony structure that allows the costovertebral jt |
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Definition
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Term
| Each Thoracic vertebra articulates with a set of paired ribs via 2 jts: what is the bony structure that allows the costotransverse jt (2) |
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Definition
| oval facet aka cosotubercular facet |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: T1-T6 motions |
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Definition
| very limited sagittal plane flex/ext |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: why is sagittal plane flex/ext very limited in T1-T6 |
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Definition
| ribcage and frontal plane facet orientation |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: T9-T12 motions |
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Definition
| more sagittal plane than T1-T6, allows more flex/ext than T1-T6 |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: Why do the T9-T12 vertebra have more flex/ext than the T1-T6 vertebra |
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Definition
| facets still lie in the frontal plane but less than T1-T6 (more sagittal) |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: which motion is free in the upper thoracic spine (T1-T10) |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: what is the range in lateral flexion tied to |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: the amount of rotation decreases at what vertebra range |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: why does the amount of rotation decrease at T10 or T11 |
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Definition
| d/t facet orietnation shifting more saggital |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: which way do rotation and lateral flexion occur in the upper thoracic spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: which way do rotation and lateral flexion occurr in the lower thoracic spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: flexion is limited d/t what (4) |
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Definition
Posterior longitudinal ligament
ligamentum flavum
interspinous ligaments
zygapophyseal capsules |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: extension is limited by |
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Definition
contact of Spinous process, laminae, facets
tension in anterior longitudinal ligament, abdominals, zygapophyseal capsules |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: lateral flexion limited by what |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: thoracic rotation, motion is accompanied by distortion of what |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: thoracic rotation, motion is accompanied by distortion of the associated rib pair: what happens to the posterior rib on the side to which the vertebra rotates |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: thoracic rotation, motion is accompanied by distortion of the associated rib pair: what happens to the anterior portion of the rib on the side to which the vertebra rotates |
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Definition
| anterior portion flattens |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: thoracic rotation, motion is accompanied by distortion of the associated rib pair: what happens to the rib on the opposite side of the ribs rotation (to which it is NOT rotating to) |
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Definition
posterior rib flattens
anterior rib becomes more convex |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: what determines rib motion |
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Definition
| costovertebral and costotransverse avaiable mtion |
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Term
| Thoracic kinematics: what happens with age yielding less rotation in the ribs |
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Definition
| costal cartialge ossifies |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs: which are the true ribs/vertebrosternal |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Ribs: why are the true ribs called as such |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs: 8-10 are called what |
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Definition
| vertebrochondral or false ribs |
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Term
| Ribs: why are ribs 8-10 called vertebrochondral/false ribs |
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Definition
| indirectly attach to sternum via rib 7 through the costocartilage |
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Term
| Ribs: which are the floating ribs |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs: why are ribs 11 and 12 called floating ribs |
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Definition
| no attachment to the sternum |
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Term
| Ribs: jt between the sternum and the cartilage which attaches to the rib and the sternum |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs: jt between the rib and the cartilage which attaches itself ot the rib and the sternum |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs: jt between the 5th rib and the false ribs |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: non costal jts (2) |
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Definition
manubriosternal
xiphisternal |
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Term
| Rib jt: characteristics of the manubriosternal and xiphisternal jts (2) |
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Definition
synchondrosis
ossifies in the elderly |
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Term
| Rib jt: what type of jt is it |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: what makes up the rib jt posteriorly |
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Definition
head of rib
2 vertebral bodies
disc between the bodies |
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Term
| Rib jt: how many articular facets do ribs 2-9 have |
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Definition
| 2 articular facets (demi) |
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Term
| Rib jt: which ribs have 2 articular (demi) facets |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rib jt: which direction does the rib match the vertebral demifacets |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: which vertebra does the superior facet of rib 4 articulate with |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: which vertebra does the inferior facet of rib 4 articulate with |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: which ribs are more mobile d/t articulation with only 1 vertebra |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: why are ribs 1,10, 11, 12 more mobile |
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Definition
| d/t articulation with only 1 vertebra |
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|
Term
| Rib jt: costotransverse jts are what type |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: costotransversal jt: what makes up the costotransveral jt |
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Definition
| costal tubercle of rib with costal facet on transverse process of the vertebra |
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Term
| Rib jt: costotransversal jt: how many costotransverse jts are there |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rib jt: costotransversal jt: which ribs have a costotransverse jt |
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Definition
| T1-T10 with the rib of the same number |
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|
Term
| Rib jt: costotransversal jt: concave/convex characteristics of T1-T6 |
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Definition
concave costal facet on vertebra
convex tubercles on the ribs |
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Term
| Rib jt: costotransversal jt: T1-T6 is a concave costal facet on vertebra, convex tubercles on the ribs. This allows for what motion |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: costotransversal jt: characteristics of T7-T10 |
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Definition
surfaces are flat and glide
no real rotation |
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Term
| Rib jt: costotransversal jt: Which ribs do not articulation with the transverse processes of a vertebra |
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Definition
| Ribs 11 and 12 do not articulate with the transverse processes of T11 or T12, just the vertebra |
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Term
| Rib jt: costochondral jt: what is the costochondral jt |
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Definition
| articulation of ribs 1-10 with costal cartilage |
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Term
| Rib jt: costochondral jt: type of jt |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: costochondral jt: ligamentous support |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: chondrosternal jt: which ribs makes up this jt |
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Definition
| costal cartilages of ribs 1-7 with the sternum |
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Term
| Rib jt: chondrosternal jt: which are synchondroses |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib jt: chondrosternal jt: which are synovial jts |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rib motion: governed by what 4 things |
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Definition
type of articulation
angles of articulation
movement of the manubriosternum
elasticity of costal cartilage |
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|
Term
| Rib motion: costovertebral and costotransverse jts: axial characteristics (2) |
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Definition
single axis
each rib is slightly different so there is a different axis for each |
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|
Term
| Rib motion: costovertebral and costotransverse jts: motions available |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rib motion: costovertebral and costotransverse jts: upper rib axis and plane of motion |
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Definition
axis: frontal
motion: sagittal plane |
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Term
| Rib motion: costovertebral and costotransverse jts: lower ribs axis and plane of motion |
|
Definition
axis: more sagittal
motion: frontal plane |
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|
Term
| Rib with the largest anterior articulation |
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Definition
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|
Term
| cartilage characteristic of the 1st rib |
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Definition
| costal cartilage is stiffer |
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Term
| 1st rib: type of chondrosternal jt |
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Definition
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|
Term
| 1st rib: the chondrosternal jt is inferior to what jt |
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Definition
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|
Term
| 1st rib: chondrosternal jt is a synchondrosis and inferior to the SC jt. What happens as a result |
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Definition
| there is little movement at the manubrium attachment |
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|
Term
| 1st rib: is more mobile posteriorly at what jut |
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Definition
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|
Term
| 1st rib: is more mobile posteriorly at costovertbral jt d/t what |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rib 2-7 most movement is at ____ aspect |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the pump handle motion of ribs 2-7 mean |
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Definition
| rib and sternal motion of the thorax increases the A-P diameter of the thorax |
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|
Term
| ribs 8-10 shape compared to ribs 2-7 |
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Definition
| ribs 8-10 have a more angled shape than 2-7 |
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|
Term
| ribs 8-10: indirect attachment to what |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ribs 8-10: motion is more at the _____ _____ in _____ |
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Definition
| motion is more at the LATERAL ASPECT in ELEVATION |
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|
Term
| ribs 8-10: elevation increases what diameter of the thorax |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ribs 8-10: motion of the ribs |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: changes in alignment of ribs changes what in regards to the thorax |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: lateral deviation and rotation of the thoracic vertebra alters what rib jts |
|
Definition
| costovertebral and costotranverse jts |
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: rib cage volume changes on the concave side (3) |
|
Definition
vertebral columnn distorts
decreased vertebral height
decreased lung volume |
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: rib cage volume changes on the convex side (2) |
|
Definition
increased lung volume
increased vertebral height |
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: dx of scoliosis |
|
Definition
| spinal curvature of mroe than 10 degrees to the right or left as the examiner faces the pt |
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: plan of action for scoliosis with less than 30 degrees of deviation |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: what is moderate severe scoliosis defined as |
|
Definition
| 30-45 degrees of deviation |
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|
Term
| Scoliosis: plan of action for a child with moderately severe scoliosis (30-45) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scoliosis: plan of action for severe curvatures that rapidly progres |
|
Definition
| surgical treatment with spinal rod placmeent |
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