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| face blindness, unable to identify a person by their face |
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| stimulation of one sense automatically leads to the experience of a second sense. (Smelling a certain color, seeing music, etc) |
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| – spatial navigation, and consolidation of information from short term to long term memory. |
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| where is the theatre of the mind” no nerve pathway connecting all areas t a central place |
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| – mainly visual processing |
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| – somatosensory processing, some motor processing, and visual processing |
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| auditory processing, aspects of language processing, aspects of visual recognition |
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| “the executive” planning, reasoning, organizing behavior |
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| we retain very little information of a scene from one view to the next, unless we are focused on a part of it . We encode the meaning or gist of a scene not specific visual detail |
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| if we need to solve various problems in a certain way, we tend to solve a problem in that set the same way, even if there is an easier way to solve it |
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| retrieval is better when tested in the same context that the information was learned |
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| instructions are to complete a task, not to retrieve info from memory (indirect) |
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| asked to retrieve info from memory (direct test) |
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| general structured knowledge about objects, people, or situations. A script of what is expected |
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| when your ideas of yourself do not match your actions. You have to find some way to either excuse your actions, or change your beliefs. Can be eliminated by reducing the importance of the conflicting beliefs, acquiring new beliefs, removing conflicting attitude or behavior |
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the lecture did not change people’s actions whatsoever
attitudes and behavior do not correlate much at all |
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| -When might attitudes guide behavior |
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| more likely if attitude is made salient, if people consider their attitudes and make themselves self conscious of it. |
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| the decision makers conception of the acts, outcomes, and contingencies associated with the choice. People tend to risk more, when gains are at steak. People want to protect gains, but are willing to risk losses, even if its more. Asian disease – people would rather FOR SURE save a small number of lives, then use Plan B – which would MAYBE save more lives, but might lose some. PEOPLE ARE MORE RISK-AVERSE WHEN GAINS ARE SURE, BUT MORE RISK SEEKING WHEN FRAMED IN LOSSES OR MORTALITY. |
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| Normative Model of DM vs Descriptive |
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| normative – how decisions should be made, descriptive – how they actually are made |
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| Representative Heuristic: |
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| people judge probabilities by the degree to which A is representative of B (or the degree it resembles B. How much something resembles prior knowledge. (bank teller vs. feminist bank teller) |
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| people assess the frequency of a probability of an event by the ease with which instances or occurences can be brought to mind. What is easier for us to imagine, is probably more likely to happen (imaginablity, vididness, and retrieval – the ability to remember examples – affect this). However effects of vividness have been shown to be weak. |
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| the original starting value of a question. Where you start will determine where you go. “changing the starting point or anchor affects people judgments” (Is the percentage of African nations in the UN more or less than whatever) |
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| real estate prices, a higher vs. lower starting value would influence how much people were willing to pay. |
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| attribute causal explanations for way certain things happened. Broken down into the person, the entity (some enduring feature of the situation), the time (unique circumstances |
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| Fundamental attribution error: |
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| the overreadiness to explain behavior in terms of dispositional factors. When explaining OTHER peoples behaviors, they overestimate the extent to which people’s behavior is due to internal, dispositional factors, and less to situation factors. But when thinking about yourself – your negative accounts are due to a situational factor |
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| Common attributional biases? |
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~Self serving bias: accept responsibility or success, not failure
~Egocentric bias: accept more responsibility for joint outcomes than other other contributors attribute to you (more desirable and undesirable)
~Positivity effect: tendency to attribute positive behaviors to dispositions and negative behaviors to situational |
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