Term
|
Definition
Detail of the facade of the Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater)
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 70-80
Misc: Mixed Greek columns and Roman arches. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Temple of Portunus (Temple of "Fortuna Virilis")
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 75
Misc: Etruscan plans and Greek elevations combined. Ionic columns. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Temple of Vesta
Location: Tivoli, Italy
Date: early first century BCE
Misc: More evidence of Roman admiration for Etuscan/Greek architecture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Restored view of the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia
Location: Palestrina, Italy
Date: late second century BCE
Misc: Most impressive and innovative use of concrete in the time of the Republic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Head of old man, from Osimo
Location: Osimo
Date: mid-first century BCE
Misc: Marble, life-size.
Realistic portraits of noble family members were the norm in the Roman Republic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portrait of a Roman general from the Sanctuary of Hercules
Location: Tivoli, Italy
Date: 75-50
Misc: Marble, 6' 2" high.
Based off of Greek sculpturing style, but face is superrealistic. Combination of Hellenic and Republican. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Funerary relief with portraits of the Gessii
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 30 BCE
Misc: Marble, 2' 1 1/2" high
Freedman often commissioned images of their former masters on their tombs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relief with funerary procession
Location: Amiternum, Italy
Date: second half of first century BCE
Misc: Limestone, 2' 2" high |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aerial view of the forum
Location: Pompeii, Italy
Date: second century, BCE
Misc: center of Roman civic life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Brawl in the Pompeii amphitheater
Location: Pompeii, Italy
Date: ca. 60-79
Misc: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atrium of the House of Vettii
Location: Pompeii, Italy
Date: second century BCE, rebuilt 62-79
Misc: Skylight-like structure with a pool beneath (impluvuim) to collect rainwater. Typical Roman house. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
First Style wall painting in the fauces of the Samnite House
Location: Herculaneum, Italy
Date: late second century, BCE
Misc: First style murals were imitations of costly marble. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dionysiac mystery frieze
Location: Pompeii, Italy
Date: 60-50 BCE
Misc: Fresco, friezes 5'4" high
Second Style artists aimed for three-dimensional scenes.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Second style wall paintings (general, left, detail, right) from the Villa of Publius Fannius
Location: Boscoreal, Italy
Date: ca. 50-40 BCE
Misc: Painter opens up corridors, vistas, and markets in the room. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gardenscape, Second Style wall paintings
Location: Pimaporta, Italy
Date: ca. 30-20 BCE
Misc: Fresco, 6'7" high
Painter used recession technique to make some areas appear more blurred and distance; ultimate Second Style example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Detail of a Third Style wall painting
Location: Boscotrecase, Italy
Date: ca. 10 BCE
Misc: Fresco.
Third Style painters preferred monochromatic backgrounds with distant fantasies etched delicately onto them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fourth style wall painting
Location: Nero, Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 64-68
Misc: As with Third Style, monochromatic colors, but with bits and pieces of fantastical buildings, as opposed to whole vistas and such. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fourth Style wall paintings in the Ixion Room
Location: Pompeii, Italy
Date: ca. 70-79
Misc: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portrait of Augustus as general
Location: Primaporta, Italy
Date: early first century, copy of bronze dated 20 BCE
Misc: Marble, 6' 8" high
Modeled in Greek style, representing him as a never-aging son of god. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portrait bust of Livia
Location: Arsino, Egypt
Date: early first century
Misc: Marble, 1' 1 1/2" high
Has Roman hairstyle, but sharp features and eternal youth of a Greek goddess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ara Pacis Augustae (Altar of Augustian peace)
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: 13-9 BCE
Misc: Augustus built this to celebrate his New Golden Age of peace |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pont du Gard
Location: Nimes, France
Date: ca. 16 BCE
Misc: Brought nearly one hundred gallons of water a day to each Roman inhabitant. At slight angle, so water doesn't hit as forcibly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Porta Maggiore
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 50
Misc: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Colisseum (Flavian Amphitheater)
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 70-80
Misc: Complex system of stacked barrel vaults. Built strategically to reclaim public land Nero had confiscated to be his; a symbol of Roman glory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Column of Trajan
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: Dedicated 112 CE
Misc: Tells story of Dacian Wars in 150 episodes; typical Roman relief |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aerial view of the Markets of Trajam
Artist: Apollodorus of Damascus
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: 100-112
Misc: Apollodorus transformed hill into vast network of barrel vaults using concrete brick |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Interior of the great hall, Markets of Trajan
Artist: Apollodorus of Damascus
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 100-112
Misc: Covered by concrete groin vaults; note the clerestories in individual shops, as well as in groin vaults. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portrait bust of Hadrian
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 117-120
Misc: Marble.
Hadrian was the first Roman emperor to wear a beard; he loved all things Greek. Always depicted as mature, but never aging, Greek style. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pantheon
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: 118-125
Misc: Hadrian's "temple of the gods". Taller, more modern. One door. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Interior of Pantheon
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: 118-125
Misc: Jefferson based Monticello off of Pantheon. Many niches in marble floor to hold various gods. Water dripped through occulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decursio, pedestal of the Column of Antoninus
Location: Rome, Italy
Date: ca. 161
Misc: Marble.
Breaks away from Classical style. No space; each character has a floating piece of ground. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chariot Procession of Septimus Severus
Location: Lepcis Magna, Libya
Date: 203
Misc: Marble.
New technique of facing the viewer while the rest of the body is going in a different direction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portraits of four tetrarchs from Constantinople
Location: Constantinople
Date: ca. 305
Misc: Porphyry
There were four different rulers, each in charge of different parts of Europe. Their equality in heights shows they are of equal status; purple is a royal color. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aula Palatina
Location: Trier, Germany
Date: Early fourth century
Misc: Very conservative, no columns of tiers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Interior of Aula Palatina
Location: Trier, Germany
Date: early fourth century
Misc: Modest again. |
|
|
