The Roman Empire at the death of Trajan

117 CE.

Temple of Portunus

aka "temple of fortuna virilis", Rome, Italy, 75 BCE.

Temple of Vesta

Tivoli, Italy, early 1st century BCE.

(circular , first temple made of concrete)

Sanctuary of Fortuna

Palestrina, Italy, late 2nd century BCE. (several stacked terraces built upon hilside)

head of an old man

Osimo, mid-first century BCE. (marble, life-size)

portrait (sculpture) of Roman general

from sanctuary of Hercules, Tivoli, Italy, 50 BCE. (marble, head does not match body-reflects Greek art and heroic status)

Funerary relief with portraits of the Gessii

from Rome, Italy, 30 BCE (marble, portrait of slave and former owner after he has been freed)

Ampitheater

Pompeii, Italy, 70 BCE. (oldest known ampitheatre, held 20,000 people, gladiator fights, etc. contrast greek culture)

First Style a.k.a. masonry style

wall painting in the fauces of the Samnite House, Herculaneum, Italy, late 2nd century BCE. (example of Hellenization of Roman architecture)

Second style (Dionysiac mystery frieze)

wall paintings, Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy, 50 BCE (fresco frieze, aim was to dissolve walls and create imaginary 3D world)

second style (Villa of Publius Fannius Synistor)

wall paintings, Boscoreale, Italy, 50 BCE. (fresco, same idea as imaginary 3D space but linear perspective is now used)

Gardenscape (second style wall paintings)

Villa of Livia, Primaporta, Italy, 30 BCE. (fresco, lush gardenscapes- uses atmospheric perspective to create depth)

Fourth style (room in Domus Aurea)

Domus Aurea (golden house) of Nero, Rome, Italy, 65 CE. (creamy white walls painted with irrational fragments of buildings)

fourth style (Ixion room)

Ixion room in house of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, 70 CE (elaborate mural with many colors and crowded composition)

portrait of husband and wife

wall painting from House VII, Pompeii, Italy, 70 BCE. (fresco of man and wife-portrayed as well educated)

portrait (sculpture) of Augustus as General

from Primaporta, Italy, early 1st century CE (marble, emperor in armor-presents Augustus as recipient of civic crown)

Portrait (sculpture) bust of Livia

from Arsione, Egypt, early 1st century CE (marble, shows youthfulness of women similar to Greek goddesses)

Ara Pacis Augustae (altar of Augustan Peace)

Rome, Italy, 10 BCE. (small building celebrating the establishment of peace)

Female Personification

panel from the east facade of Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, Italy, 10 BCE (marble, female with 2 babies, bountiful earth around her)

procession of the imperial family

detail of the south frieze of the Ara Pacis Augustae, Rome, Italy, 10 BCE (marble, depiction of recognizeable individuals)

Pont-du-Gard

Nimes, France, 16 BCE (road/bridge brought water from a distant mountain spring to inhabitants of the empire)

Severus and Celer

octogonal hall of the Domus Aurea (golden house) of Nero, Rome, Italy, 65 CE (octogonal room in the house of nero)

Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater)

Rome, Italy, 70 CE (worlds largest amphitheater held 50,000 people- gladiator combats, etc.- made of concrete barrel vaults)

portrait (sculpture) of Vespasian

75 CE (marble, contrasts Nero's image of self-indulgence)

portrait bust (sculpture) of a Flavian woman

from Rome, Italy, 90 CE (marble, woman with corkscrew curls and delicate face)

Arch of Titus

Rome, Italy, after 81 CE (arch leading up to the Forum to honor Titus)

Spoils of Jerusalem.

relief panel from the Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy, 80CE

triumph of titus.

relief panel from teh arch of titus, rome, italy, 80 CE, marble

apollodorus of damascus

Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, dedicated 112 CE (temple, column, libraries, basilica, forum, equestrian statue)

Column of Trajan,

Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, dedicated 112 CE

apollodorus of damascus

ariel view of the markets of trajan, rome, italy, 100 CE

apollodorus of damascus

interior view of the great hall, markets of trajan, rome, italy, 100 CE

cutaway view of pantheon, rome, italy, 120 CE

(cylindrical drum and hemispherical dome)